Automatic solar tracking system

Table 3.1: Types of Solar Tracker 
 
Figure 3.5: Dual Axis Tracker 
 
3.3 Fixed Collectors 
 
 
Figure 3.6: Fixed Collectors 

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THEORITICAL BACKGROUND OF SOLAR TRACKER 
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AEIE, RCCIIT 
The fixed collectors are secured at a place where the gross solar energy obtained is comparatively 
higher than most of the predefined places and is the inclination is kept in accordance with the 
defined context. The motive is to install collected places which are subjected to receive the 
maximum amount of sunlight and collect solar energy over a long period of time hence the demand 
for tracking devices can be overcome. This creates a substantial diminution in the expenses and 
the preservation of the collectors. The knowledge of the movement of the sun throughout a season 
and different hours of the year is essential to enable maximum captivation of solar energy. 
The Sun chart for Calcutta is shown below 
Figure 3.7: Sun path diagram for Calcutta 

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THEORITICAL BACKGROUND OF SOLAR TRACKER 
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AEIE, RCCIIT 
Legends 
Through the use of the chart, it is possible to ascertain the position of the sun at different times and 
seasons so that the panel can be fixed for maximum output. Fixed trackers are cheaper in tropical 
countries like Kenya. For countries beyond +10 degrees North and -10 degrees South of the 
equator, there is need for serious tracking. This is because the position of the midday sun varies 
significantly. 
The chart shows that the position of the sun is highest between 1200h and 1400h. For the periods 
outside this range, the collectors are obliquely oriented to the sun and therefore only a fraction 
reaches the surface of absorption.