Science and Education in Karakalpakstan issn 2181-9203 Science Magazine chief editor

Science and Education in Karakalpakstan. 2023 №2/1 ISSN 2181-9203 
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In psychology, the crowd is divided into active and passive types according to the level of 
activity and emotion. 
An active mob should first of all be understood as a group of people who are prone to 
violence, brutality, aggression, subversive actions, and are led by aggressive behavior. 
A passive crowd is characterized by the absence of emotional components. Those who 
organize it can be those who suddenly joined this group, for example, to watch some event, or those 
who gathered together based on a specific purpose (those who came to weddings, cinema, theater). 
Individuals in a passive crowd are arranged in such a way that they do not affect each other. 
Therefore, researchers have pointed out that this type of crowd is easy to control. 
From the point of view of psychology, this classification of the crowd is conditionally 
accepted, and from a practical point of view, the variability of the crowd, that is, the transition from 
one type to another, is one of its important features. 
Crowd variability can be sudden or deliberate. 
While many researchers point to the immediate crowd as the most dangerous link in the 
origin of public protests, A.N. Unlike them, Sukhov divides the crowd into several types and thinks 
that some of them may be safe. 
A simple crowd
is a group of people gathered by chance to get information about a certain 
event. For example, a crowd gathered during a fire or emergency. The author considers this type of 
crowd to be the safest. 
An expressive crowd
is a group of people who together express joy, sadness, anger and 
other emotions. For example, fans of rock musicians, funeral participants. 
A conventional crowd
is a group of fans formed mainly during sports events. Their 
dangerous side can be seen in the chaos they cause with the representatives of the opposing team. 
Ecstatic mobbing is an extreme form of expressive mobbing, in which people go from 
intense emotions to physically harming each other. 
Mob activism is the most politically important and dangerous form of collective action. It, in 
turn, is divided into several subgroups, such as aggressive, fearful, compulsive and rebellious. 
These are the motivations of people to join the crowd. 
The first is interest in the happening event, that is, human psychology is formed in such a 
reflex way that if there are many people gathered in a certain place, a person will try to go to that 
place regardless of his will. 
Second, by the invitation of other persons, in which the person becomes part of the crowd 
through the influence of persons interested in the gathering of the crowd. 
Third, in pursuit of a certain interest, for example, resisting the authority, expressing one's 
wishes in a public way, showing a mood of protest, etc. Individuals with this motivation form an 
aggressive crowd and express their dissatisfaction with the policies of the state authorities. 
When the researchers studied the psychology of the crowd and analyzed the changes that 
occur in his mind during protests, the following situation was observed in the actions of the 
individual: 
- increased sensitivity to the use of the mind; 
- excessive confidence in one's own strength; 
- increasing group influence and decreasing independent thinking; 
- increased hatred towards the object of disorder; 
- loss of sense of responsibility for one's actions; 
- the ability of a person to be extremely selfless and cruel; 
- his inability to consciously evaluate his actions. 
All of the above psychological changes have a negative character, serve to increase the 
aggressiveness of the crowd, and create a comfortable environment for the organizers of protests to 

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