The main duty of power systems is energy supply. Supplying demand and power system
stability with the minimum cost needs services which are named side services. Of these
services it is possible to name supplying reactive power needed for network. On the other
hand, maintaining security of network with developing the network and increasing power
transactions is one of the serious problems for system operator. Supplying reactive power
needed for network is one of the services which impose some costs to system. Reactive power
is considered as side services of electricity network which plays an important role in stability
of electricity supply and in reduction of network costs. Supplying reactive power and
common problems of transmission systems which cause improper exploitation alongside with
low efficiency and high cost of available and traditional compensators lead to new generation
compensators based on electronic devices of power in the late 70s.These devices were named
FACTS devices due to flexibility they give to ac transmission system. These devices could be
effective in changing flow active and reactive power of the lines by controlling amount and
angle of voltage of busses and impedance of the lines. Of these devices it is possible to
These advantages alongside with desired performance, high reliability, high flexibility,
proper cost and economical saving, has caused rapid spread of these devices around the
world. By developing technology, a new generation of these devices was provided which
showed a better performance comparing with previous generations and became competitor-
less compensators of transmission and distribution networks [1]. References [2-9] show
Various articles on voltage static stability and reducing loss have been provided which
will be mentioned below. References [10] and [11] have involved with finding weak busses of
network using medal analysis. Results of these articles have shown that medal analysis has
provided acceptable performance determining weak busses of network. Reference [12] has
involved with evaluating network voltage stability of Khuzestan using continuation demand
distribution and medal analysis. This evaluation has been investigated in two conditions of
normal and occurrence of event in demand peak condition in summer 2007. Finally weak
busses of network have been identified in terms of voltage collapse. Reference [13] has
provided a new possible approach for finding optimal capacity of FACTS devices to improve
voltage stability of a power network. In this article uncertainties related to demand of system
and generator planning, have been considered. Two scenarios have been considered in this
article for installing FACTS devices and finally article has solved the problem using Monte
Carlo simulation and bisection algorithm. Reference [14] also deals with increase in power
system voltage static stability using FACTS devices. In this reference using continuation
demand distribution, a comparison has been made between TCSC and STATCOM. Results
show that STATCOM has had better performance than TCSC.
Reference [15] has studied the issue of finding TCSC optimal place and adjustments in
power system. In this reference reduction of loss in transmission lines has been addressed
using evolutionary algorithms. This reference has used one of the newest evolutionary
algorithms known as differential-evolutionary algorithm to solve the problem. Simulations of
reference [15] have been conducted on IEEE standard 14-bus network. Reference [16]
addressed performance of another device in loss reduction. This article has studied
performance of APLC in reducing loss of distribution network. APLC is a combination of
series and parallel convertors which could have an effective and determining role in reducing
losses. In this reference PSCAD software has been used in order to conduct simulations.
Mentioned equipping has also been effective on reducing harmonics as well as reducing costs.
Reference [17] has introduced differential particles cumulative optimization algorithm in
order to distribute optimal reactive power for reducing losses and preventing voltage
instability. This reference has dealt with optimum control of reactive power in the network
using differential particles cumulative optimization algorithm and has succeeded to minimize
loss amounts in system. In this article standard 30-bus network has been used for running
simulations. In reference [18] the subject of optimal allocation of sources for distribution
reactive power for reducing losses has been studied and investigated considering constraints
of network. Of reactive power sources used in this article are wind farms with double-fed
induction generators. In order to run simulations, IEEE standard 30-bus network has been
used in this reference.
In this article we are dealing with simultaneously improving voltage static stability and
reducing power losses in normal and emergency conditions of network by finding location
and optimum capacity of TCSC.
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