G‘apporov M. Ingliz tili grammatikasi

While discharging the ship (= 
While we were discharging the 
ship) we found a few broken cases.
Biz kemaning yukini tushirayot-
ganimizda bir nechta siniq quti-
larni topdik.
When going home (= When I was 
going home) I met my brother.
Uyga borayotganimda akamni 
uchratdim.
Odatiy, takrorlanib turuvchi ish-harakatni ifodalash uchun ham sifat-
doshdan oldin when ishlatilishi mumkin:
When drawing up a contract for 
the sale of goods it is necessary to 
give a detailed description of the 
goods.
Mollarni sotish haqida shart-
noma tuzishda, mollarni batafsil 
tasvirlab berish zarur.
Payt holi bo‘lib keladigan sifatdoshli iboralarda ba’zan Present 
Participle gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatdan oldin sodir bo‘lgan 
harakatni ifodalaydi:
Arriving at the station (= When 
I arrived at the station) I called a 
porter.
Stansiyaga yetib kelib men ham-
mol chaqirdim.
4. Sabab holi bo‘lib keladigan sifatdoshli iboralarda ishlatiladi. Bu 
iboralarni sabab ergash gaplari bilan almashtirish mumkin:
Knowing English well (= As he 
knew English well) he translated 
the article without a dictionary.
Ingliz tilini yaxshi bilgani uchun 
u maqolani lug‘atsiz tarjima 
qildi.
Having plenty of time (= As we had 
plenty of time) we decided to walk 
to the station.
Vaqtimiz ko‘p bo‘lgani uchun 
biz stansiyaga piyoda borishga 
qaror qildik.
5. Ravish holi bo‘lib keladigan sifatdoshli iboralarda ishlatiladi:
He sat in the armchair reading a 
newspaper.
U kresloda gazeta o‘qib o‘tirar 
edi.
The customs offi cer stood on deck 
counting the cases.
Bojxona xodimi palubada 
qutilarni sanab turardi.

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67
Yuqoridagi sifatdoshli iboralarni ergash gap bilan almashtirib bo‘lmaydi, 
ularni ikkinchi kesim bilan almashtirsa bo‘ladi:
He sat in the armchair and read a 
newspaper.
U kresloda o‘tirardi va gazeta 
o‘qirdi.
The customs offi cer stood on deck 
and counted the cases.
Bojxona xodimi palubada turar-
di va qutilarni sanardi.
6. Present Participle Active to be fe’lining shakllari bilan kelib Continuous 
va Perfect Continuous zamonlarini yasaydi: I am reading, I was reading, I