IELTS
JOURNAL
100
Exercise 39: Similar paragraph headings
Sometimes two paragraph
headings are very similar, making it difficult to decide which
one is correct. Look at this example from Cambridge IELTS 1.
Paragraph:
For the first time, dictionary publishers are incorporating real,
spoken English
into their data. It gives lexicographers (people who write dictionaries) access to
a more vibrant, up-to-date vernacular language which has never really been
studied before.
In one project, 150 volunteers each agreed to discreetly tie a
Walkman recorder to their waist and leave it running for anything up to two
weeks. Every conversation they had was recorded. When the data was collected,
the length of tapes was 35 times the depth of the Atlantic Ocean. Teams of
audio typists transcribed the tapes to produce a computerised database
of ten
million words.
Which paragraph heading would you chose, and why?
1. New method of research
2. The first study of spoken language
IELTS
JOURNAL
101
Exercise 40: Paragraph headings
Read the following passage about a chess-playing computer.
A) On February 10, 1996, Deep Blue became the first machine to win a chess
game against a reigning world champion (Garry Kasparov) under regular time
controls. However, Kasparov won three and drew two of the following five
games, beating Deep Blue by a score of 4–2.
Deep Blue was then heavily
upgraded and played Kasparov again in May 1997, winning the six-game
rematch 3½–2½. Deep Blue won the deciding game six, becoming the first
computer system to defeat a reigning world
champion in a match under
standard chess tournament time controls.
B) After the loss, Kasparov said that he sometimes saw deep intelligence and
creativity in the machine's moves, suggesting that during the second game,
human chess players had intervened on behalf of the machine, which would be
a violation of the rules. IBM
denied that it cheated, saying the only human
intervention occurred between games. The rules provided for the developers to
modify the program between games, an opportunity they said they used to
shore up weaknesses in the computer's play that
were revealed during the
course of the match. This allowed the computer to avoid a trap in the final game
that it had fallen for twice before. Kasparov demanded a rematch, but IBM
refused and dismantled Deep Blue.
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