The Arduino Family
It is useful to have a little background on the various Arduino boards. We will be using the
Arduino Uno as our standard device. Indeed, this is by far the most used of the Arduino
boards, but the boards are all programmed using the same language and largely have the
same connections to the outside world, so you can easily use a different board.
Uno, Duemilanove, and Diecimila
The Arduino Uno is the latest incarnation of the most popular series of Arduino boards.
The series includes the Diecimila (Italian for 10,000) and the Duemilanove (Italian for
2011).
Figure 1-4
shows an Arduino clone. By now you may have guessed that Arduino is
an Italian invention.
These older boards look very similar to the Arduino Uno. They both have the same
connectors and a USB socket and are generally compatible with each other.
The most significant difference between the Uno and the earlier boards is that the Uno
uses a different USB chip. This does not affect how you use the board, but it does make
installation of the Arduino software easier and allows higher
speeds of communication
with the computer.
The Uno can also supply more current on its 3.3V supply and always comes equipped
with the ATmega328. The earlier boards will have either an ATmega328 or ATmega168.
The ATmega328 has more memory, but unless you
are creating a large sketch, this will
make no difference.
Figure 1-4
The Arduino Duemilanove
Mega
The Arduino Mega (
Figure 1-5
) is the muscle car of Arduino boards.
It boasts a huge
collection of input output ports, but cleverly adds these as extra connectors at one end of
the board, allowing it to remain pin-compatible with the Arduino Uno and all the shields
available for Arduino.
It uses a processor with more input output pins, the ATmega1280,
which is a surface
mount chip that is fixed permanently to the board. So, unlike with the Uno and similar
boards, you cannot replace the processor if you accidentally damage it.
The extra connectors are arranged at the end of the board.
Extra features provided by
the Mega include the following:
• 54 input/output pins
• 128KB of flash memory for storing sketches and fixed data (compared to the Uno’s
32KB)
• 8KB of RAM and 4KB of EEPROM
Nano
The Arduino Nano (
Figure 1-6
) is a very useful device for use with a solderless
breadboard. If you fit pins to it, it can just plug into the breadboard as if it were a chip.
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