Phrasemic level (Phrases are word combinations, they nominate complex phenomena) a small
knife
Proposemic level or sentence level (Sentences nominate situation or events and express
predication. Their main function is that they show the relation of the denoted situation or event
to reality (time or modality). Sentences are predicative units.) Give me that knife please
Level of text , it's the main linguistic unit.
Basic units of morphology .
Morph. Morphs are the concrete elements which realize or represent morphemes in a
specific context. the phonological representation of a morpheme.. free morphs Can be used
independently, as separate words (clear)
Morpheme. Morphemes are the smallest linguistic elements having a grammatical meaning or a
grammatical function. According to Bаrckhudarov morpheme represents a multitude of morphs,
which posess the same meaning and stand in relation of complementary distribution. [klea] clear-
clearly-clearness-unclear
Morph: free and bound.
Free morphemes can build up words by themselves, while bound can't do that. ( hand +
ful)
Allomorph Any of the variant forms of a morpheme. For example, the phonetic (s) of cats
(kăts), (z) of pigs (pĭgz), and (ĭz) horses (hôr′sĭz) are allomorphs of the English plural
morpheme.
Word. The word is a nominative unit of language; it is formed by morphemes; it enters the
lexicon of language as its elementary component. together with other nominative units the
word is used for the formation of the sentence — a unit of information in the communication
process.
The basic morphological notions are word and morpheme. Word is the smallest naming
unit. It’s a sequence of human sounds, conveying a certain notion. Morphemes are the smallest
meaningful units, into which a word form can be divided.
The word-form ‘workers’ can be divided into 3 morphemes: ‘work’ expressing the basic
lexical meaning of the word; ’er” expressing the doer of the action; ‘s’ is a morpheme,
expressing the idea of plurality.
In order to understand what an allomorph is, we will form an opposition – girl – girls, child-
children, woman – women. Here morphemes ‘s, en, e’ have the same grammatical meaning,
because they express plurality. They are allomorphs, that is variants of a morpheme of
plurality.
