25 Biodiversity: ‘But while deforestation [= when
forests are cleared] can certainly lead to economic
benefit for farmers, it also puts biodiversity at risk
[= biodiversity is threatened].’
26 fertiliser: ‘Then, once a biofuel crop has been
planted on deforested land, farmers need to
ensure that it [= their crop] grows as well as it can.
That means applying [= using] large quantities of
fertiliser, and while this helps the plants to shoot
up, there is also the possibility it will lead to the
contamination [= the pollution] of local rivers.’
READing PASSAgE 3 Questions 27–40 27 YES: We are told that ‘Built around 3,500 years ago
entirely from earth, it [= the monument] consists of
six semi-circular ridges and five mounds.’
28 nOT giVEn: The first paragraph tells us that ‘a
remarkable monument’ was built at Poverty
Point in the US and describes its appearance: ‘six
semi-circular ridges and five mounds’. However,
no information is provided that tells us whether
similar monuments were built elsewhere in the US,
and so we cannot know whether the Poverty Point
monument was the first of its kind.
29 nO: The writer says that ‘They [= the hunter-
gatherer groups living at Poverty Point] may have
looked to elders [= older members] for guidance,
but these [= the elders] would not have exerted a
commanding influence [= not had great power] over
their small groups.’
30 nOT giVEn: We are only told that ‘Archaeologists
have been excavating Poverty Point for more than
a century.’ This doesn’t contain any information
about whether their excavations included Mound A
or not. The sentence ‘However, the truly remarkable
nature of Mound A only emerged a few years
ago’ refers to Tristram Kidder’s discovery of the
coloured earth inside the mound. Perhaps other
archaeologists had done other kinds of excavation
work on this mound – but from the information the
writer provides, we can’t be sure.
