Table 5. Variance inflation factors (VIFs) (Multicollinearity test).
Variable VIF
y
3.73
y
2
2.62
y
3
4.85
The model stability has also been studied. It is checked on the basis of the CUSUM and
CUSUMSQ tests. As shown in Figure 3, the cumulative sum of recursive residuals (CUSUM) test and
the cumulative sum squared of recursive residuals (CUSUMSQ) test, show that the estimated
coefficients of the error correction model are very stable throughout the studied period.
Figure 3. Graphs of the stability test on the residual of Equation (4).
4.5. Granger Causality Test
Table 6 shows the results of the short‐run and long‐run Granger causality test between elec, y, p
and imp variables.
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