Romanticism in literature

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© 2022 IJCRT | Volume 10, Issue 5 May 2022 | ISSN: 2320-2882
 
IJCRT2205067 
International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) 
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their limits of expressiveness, and explored the linking of instrumentation and the human 
voice. The middle phase of musical Romanticism is represented by such figures as Antonín 
Dvořák, Edvard Grieg, and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Romantic efforts to express a 
particular nation’s uniqueness through music were manifested in the works of the Czechs 
Antonín Dvořák and Bedřich Smetana and various others like Russian, French, and 
Scandinavian composers. 
Romantic opera in Italy was developed by the symphonist Gaetano Donizetti, Vincenzo 
Bellini, and Gioachino Rossini, whereas Romantic opera in Germany began with the works 
of Carl Maria von Weber. The Italian Romantic opera was brought which reached its 
pinnacle of success by Giuseppe Verdi. The Romantic opera in Germany reached its height 
in the works of Richard Wagner, who combined and integrated such diverse strands of 
Romanticism as an ardent nationalism; the cult of the hero; exotic sets and costumes; 
expressive music; and the display of virtuosity in orchestral and vocal settings. The final 
phase of musical Romanticism is represented by late 19th century and early 20th century 
composers such as Gustav Mahler, Edward Elgar, Richard Strauss and Jean Sibelius. 
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 REFERENCES
: 
1. Parker, James. “A Book That Examines the Writing Processes of Two Poetry Giants.” The 
Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 23 July 2019,
2. 
https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2019/07/how-two-literary-giants-
wrote-their-best-poetry/594514/. 
3. Alhathani, Safa. “EN571: Literature & Technology.” EN571 Literature Technology, 13 
May 2018.
4.
https://commons.marymount.edu/571sp17/2018/05/13/analysis-of-romanticism-in-
frankenstein-through-digital-tools/
. 
5. Jerome, J McGann. “The Romantic Ideology”. 
6. Robert Jauss. “Toward an Aesthetic of Reception”.