Science and Education in Karakalpakstan issn 2181-9203 Science Magazine chief editor

Keywords:
cave, speleo tourism, recreational tourism, extreme tourism, hydrological 
research. 
 
Speleotourism differs from other types of recreational tourism by its extreme level. Only 
physically healthy, mentally fresh, mentally intelligent tourists can do this tour. Traveling to the 
caves requires strong preparation. When moving inside the cave, one should be careful, not make 
too much noise, and not overestimate one's ability. In the caves of Uzbekistan there are wolves, 
foxes, bears, mountain goats, deer, badgers, jays, pigeons, partridges, eagles, bats, and 
snakes[1.32B.]. 
Exploration of caves in Central Asia In 1913-1914, the regions of Tashkent mountains, 
Fergana valley, Pamir, Zarafshan valley, Bukhara oasis, Kaspiyorti were studied by the Turkestan 
branch of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society. It was published in 1915 in the work entitled 
"Successes of modern speleology and my speleological travels in Turkestan in 1913-1914". In 
1915, D. Mushketov published the work "Chilustun and Chilmayram" about the Chilustun cave in 
the Fergana valley[2.11B.]. 
N. Korzhenevsky, S. Mashkovtsev traveled to Olatov in 1921 and conducted hydrological 
research. He also traveled to the Pamir Mountains in 1923. Moved along the route Osh - Big Pamir 
road - Murgob village - Alichur valley - Yashilkol - Buramal - Langarkotal pass - Lake Sarez - 
Mugoob[3.156B.]. As a result, he published the work "Aloy Valley" in 1930[3.158B.]. This, in turn, 
served as the main guide for later tourists. This has become important in the development of 
tourism routes. Although the motives of travel and tourism have existed in Central Asia for a long 
time, due to the low level of consumption of the local population, it was mostly invisible as a form 
of entertainment for the upper class or in the form of various pilgrimages. 
In 1928, the Pamir expedition of the Soviet-German complex of the Academy of Sciences of 
the USSR began its work. This idea appeared in 1925 during the 200th anniversary of the Academy 
of Sciences. This expedition explored many caves and peaks in the Pamir Mountains[4.]. As a 
result, a total of 39 speleotourism routes were founded in Uzbekistan in 1928[5.]. But the 
development of this species has caused an increase in piles of cans, broken glass and other waste on 
the trails of the central gorge[6.]. The Pamir expedition was the greatest achievement of the 20s of 

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