Science and Education in Karakalpakstan issn 2181-9203 Science Magazine chief editor

 
 
INTRODUCTION 
In 2001, the Information Technology Laboratory of the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology defined "cloud computing" in the NIST Definition of Cloud Computing v15 with the 
following terms: "Cloud computing is a configurable computing resource that can be quickly 
provided and released with minimal effort by management and service provider(s) and provides 
ubiquitous and convenient network access (as needed) to a common pool of configurable computing 
resources (for example, networks, servers, storage, applications, services) that can be quickly 
provided and released by interacting with models."[6] 
The degree of study of the topic. 
The idea of what we call "cloud computing" today was first introduced by Joseph Carl 
Robnet Licklider in 1970. At that time, he participated in the creation of ARPANET (the Network 
of the Agency for Advanced Research Projects). His idea was that every person on the planet could 
be connected to the network and receive programs and data from it. Another scientist, John 
McCarthy, offered to provide computing power to users as a service. At this point, the development 
of cloud technologies was suspended until the 1990s. The first project for the implementation of 
cloud computing was provided by the company Salesforce.com , which in 1999 created a CRM 
system (customer relationship management) [7]. 
Despite the fact that cloud computing appeared relatively recently (the first project was 
implemented in 1999), experience has already been accumulated in their application in educational 
processes of various levels. Grandon Gill describes the Internet as an educational technology in 
higher education Explains the features of using the Internet as an educational technology in higher 
education and gives recommendations on its application.[8] 
The differences between the Internet and cloud technologies are emphasized by J. Reeves. 
The Internet is the basic infrastructure needed for the cloud, but the cloud is more than just the 
Internet." The Internet is the basic infrastructure needed for the cloud, but the cloud is more than 
just the Internet. The cloud is where you go when you need to use a particular technology, and not 
for as long as you need it, and not for a minute longer."[9] 
The term "cloud technologies" was established only in 2007. Despite the fact that cloud 
computing technology has been used in the activities of various organizations and companies for 
several years, there is currently no unified system of concepts and definitions, and there are also 
differences in the interpretation of the terms used. Therefore, there is a need to define the content of 
concepts such as cloud computing, cloud technologies, cloud services and cloud providers, and 
form a unified terminology system. 
An analysis of the scientific and pedagogical literature on the research topic has 
demonstrated that most authors use the term cloud technologies, while identifying it with cloud 
computing (a literal translation of the term cloud computing), which is not entirely true, since these 
concepts have some difference in semantic content. 

---