Figure 1: Principal organs of speech (T.W. Parsons, Voice and Speech Processing, McGraw-Hill, Inc.,
1987. s. 63).
phonation the most important type of excitation caused by regular vibration of the vocal folds. The
glottis opens and closes periodically causing chopping up of the air flow, typically on frequency
of 50-500 Hz depending on the speaker. One open-close-sequence is called a period and its
duration determines the fundamental frequency. Phonemes with vibrating vocal folds are called
voiced sounds (e.g. vowels and resonant sounds).
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