Stylistic classification of the english vocabulary

a) Cliche

b) Proverbs and Sayings

с) Epigrams

d) Quotations

e) Allusions

f) Decomposition of Set Expressions

SYNTACTICAL EXPRESSIVE MEANS AND STYLISTIC DEVICES

A. General Considerations

В. Problems Concerning the Composition Wider than the Sentence

a) The Syntactical Whole

b) The Paragraph

С. Compositional Patterns of Syntactical Arrangement

a) Stylistic Inversion

b) Detached Constructions

c) Parallel Constructions

d) Chiasmus (Reversed Parallel Constructions)

e) Repetition

f) Enumeration

g) Suspense (Retardation)

h) Climax (Gradation)

i) Antithesis

D. Particular Ways of Combining Parts of the Utterance

a) Asyndeton

b) Polysyndeton

E. Peculiar Use of Colloquial Constructions

a) Ellipsis

b) Question-in-the-Narrative

c) Represented speech

F. Transferred Use of Structural Meaning

a) Rhetorical Questions

b) Litotes

FUNCTIONAL STYLES OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

A. Introductory Remarks

В. The Belles-Lettres Style

С. Publicistic Style

D. Newspaper Style

E. Scientific Prose Style

F. The Style of Official Documents

1. The Object and the Aims of Stylistics

Stylistics, sometimes called linguostylistics, is a branch of linguistics which deals with the result of the act of communication, investigating a system of interrelated language means which serve a definite aim in commu­nication. It investigates language potentialities of making the utterance more effective, paying much attention to the analysis of stylistic means of the language, of their nature and functions, their classification and possible interpretation of the additional meanings they may carry in a message.

One of the tasks set before stylistics is a thorough stu­dy of all changes in vocabulary, set phrases, grammatical constructions, their functions, an evaluation of any brea­king away from the established norm, and classification of mistakes and failures in word-coinage.

Stylistics has two separate fields of investigation.

The first field of investigation deals with the sys­tem of special language means which serve to achieve the desired effect, called the stylistic means of the language. The stylistic means of the language can be divided into expressive means and stylistic devices.

The second field of investigation of stylistics is certain types of texts, distinguished by different aspects of communication, called functional styles of the language.

Thus stylistics is a linguistic subject that studies the system of stylistic devices and expressive means as well as the functional styles of the language.