The specific pressure of the propellers and soil compaction during one pass of
the tractor is directly proportional to the mass of the tractor. How much less the value
of the mass of the tractor is so much less than the specific pressure of the propellers,
and vice versa. As an example, the smallest mass and specific pressure of the MTZ-
80 tractor propellers is 3.6 tons and 1.2 kg /sm² and the largest on the K-744R3 is 19
tons and 2 kg / sm², here the mass and specific pressure of the propellers increase
proportionally.
The pressure on the soil of the undercarriage of a mobile power facility on the
ground can be determined by our proposed formula
𝑃
𝑢
≤ 0,01(𝑄
𝑒𝑠
+ 𝑄
𝑎
+ 𝑄
𝑧
) 𝑘
𝑣𝑙
𝑘
𝜌
𝑘
𝑢𝑑
/0,49 ∙ 𝑆 ∑ 𝑟
𝑖
𝑏
𝑖
𝑖
1
here P
u
– ground pressure force, kPa;
𝑄
𝑒𝑠
- mass of the mobile power vehicle, kg;
𝑄
𝑎
- mass of mounted or
attached units,
𝑄
𝑧
- weight of loaded cargoes in the bunker,
kg;
𝑘
𝑣𝑙
-
soil moisture factor,
𝑘
𝜌
- density factor,
𝑘
𝑢𝑑
- coefficient taking into account
the volume of mineral and organic fertilizers in the soil; r
i
- road wheel radius, m; b
i
- support wheel width,
𝑆- the value that determines the design and material features
of the wheel tire.
The solution of problems in the direction of energy saving and greening are
the following organizational and technological measures:
- creation and use of economical and environmentally friendly methods and
technologies of tillage with the most efficient resource
indicators with minimal
negative impact on soil fertility. Techniques should take into account the soil and
climatic
conditions, biological and technological characteristics of crops, the
availability of related technical resources on the farm and the characteristics of the
agricultural landscape;
- the use of high-performance wide-grip and multifunctional
machines and
units with the maximum combination of technological operations;
- wide use of methods of minimum tillage;
- the use of mobile power equipment with a lower specific pressure of running
systems;
- rational selection of working bodies of
tillage equipment;
- elimination of residual deformations in the subsurface layers using deep
chiseling, slotting and other methods;
- the use of tires in the running systems of oversized mobile machines, arched
and wide-profile tires, twin wheels, semi- and pneumatic caterpillars;
- rational regulation of technological parameters and speed modes of operation
of
soil-cultivating units;
- the use of a special universal frame as a carrier machine with a set of quickly
replaceable working bodies for compiling units that perform several technological
operations in one pass.
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