Tezislər / Theses

THE 3
rd
 INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES OF STUDENTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS 
dedicated to the 99
th
anniversary of the National Leader of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev
318
REVIEW OF ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER 
TREATMENT USING MICROORGANISMS 
Fidan Gadimaliyeva
Baku Higher Oil School 
Baku, Azerbaijan 
[e-mail]
Supervisor: Rima Guliyeva 
Keywords:
 
industrial wastewater, heavy metals, biological treatment, bacteria, 
biosorption, key parameters 
Advances in various industrial sectors bring certain disadvantages with 
itself and disposal of waste effluents into nature is one of them which gets 
even more detrimental when it is not properly treated. Due to their toxicity, 
treatment of heavy-metal-contaminated wastewater has been main subject 
for industries, authorities, and society for more than 30 years. This paper 
describes different wastewater treatment techniques giving comparisons in 
terms of cost, energy requirement, ease of maintenance and construction 
etc., stating that biological treatment is promising method for the future where 
usage of different microorganisms for the biosorption of heavy metals is 
attained. Bacterial biosorption is explained in more detail, elaborating various 
biomass both living and non-living strains of bacteria species such as 
Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Eschericia, Klebsiella, Micrococcus etc. for the 
removal of nickel, cadmium, zinc, lead, copper, iron and manganese. A 
number of studies are investigated to determine the impacts of operating 
conditions on the biosorption efficiency of bacteria, such as biosorbent dose, 
pH, temperature, initial metal ion concentration and contact time. 
Consequently, all of the obtained results are tabulated presenting future 
research prospects that should be paid more attention in order to improve 
biosorption of contaminants from wastewater and implement in pilot and 
large-scale project as it is more efficient, environmentally friendly and cost-
effective process compared to conventional techniques.
In industry, water has wide range of applications, including production, 
heat exchange facilities or as a transporting agent of raw and waste material. 
The amount of water converted into wastewater is more than the one present 
in product after the processing of water which is lost due to evaporation 
throughout the process 
[1,2]
. The industrial wastewater can be classified as 
cooling water and process water, with the latter being more problematic as it 
has toxic contents. There are two types of industrial wastewater, namely, 
organic and inorganic wastewater, and each has a variety of contaminants 
as they are produced in different industrial sectors. Inorganic wastewater 
mainly comes from industries processing minerals, surface coating and 

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