Tezislər / Theses

NEW CLEANING TECHNIQUES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS 
Taliya Mammadhasanzada, Ayshan Zulfiyeva 
Baku Higher Oil School, 
[e-mail] , [e-mail] 
Supervisor: Azar Salimov 
Keywords:
 
Solar Energy, PV Systems, Performance Losses, Oil Coating
 
Considering the environmental effects of conventional and renewable 
energy, solar energy relies on absorbing sunlight, has no effect on water air 
pollution, or contributes to global warming. As the year passes, the new types 
of solar (photovoltaic) systems panels are under development; their installing 
costs are decreasing; therefore, it is one of the best choices to invest in 
renewable energy as it pays back with the regular electricity supply.
Solar panels are generally expected to be designed to produce an ideal 
output or optimum yield. Furthermore, the photovoltaic systems' working 
principle is based on the photovoltaic effect of semiconductors (n-type & p-

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type); the panel's material is made of silicon; therefore, the negative charge 
is being trapped at the one side, and on the other side, positive charge will 
be trapped. Between these two sides, having a potential difference is the 
result of photovoltaic effect, the leading driving heat transfer is radiation, this 
power output is dependent on the amount of irradiance, solar irradiance, cell 
temperature, and long-term usage of the solar panels, the specks of dirt (dart, 
dust) environmental contributions will directly affect the photovoltaic 
performance (2). Periodically, the solar panels must be cleaned with the 
chemicals; the researches show, in terms of the economic side, the price 
range is not desirable, and there is a need to optimize new cleaning methods 
or low-cost chemicals. 
Currently, robotics, self-cleaning, airflow, manually cleaning, water-
based approaches are under development; the most utilized chemicals to 
clean the panels are WINSOL (Solar Brite), SoarG, SPERESIK-SC, all of 
them are mainly composed of TSPC2- Tetrachloride. This cleaning method 
is time-wasting and manually managed; the human factor- damaging the PV 
substrate on the panels, poor brushes is unavoidable. In recent years, 
analysts developed a novel technique to clean the even smallest dust particle 
based on mechanical strategy, advancing the washing technology and 
coating methodology to clean PV surfaces (1). The primary advantage is 
dealing with glass covering surface of solar photovoltaic panels; regarding 
the dusty particles, some coating methods are applicable, hydrophobic (less 
affinity), low surface energy (chemical reaction surface is expected), oily 
coatings and chemical type (reacted with the sticky bags of dusts). Oily 
coatings' effectiveness displays 24% more transmissivity than a normal 
glassy surface, and this value can be increased by adding abrasive powders 
and isopropyl alcohol (4). The novel method, a device based on thrust film 
with oily coatings together, is also a better choice as its cost is cheaper, 
autonomous, more straightforward (3).