Appendix 2: Case Report Form
Case Report Form
Patient ID:
_____________
(the patient ID consists out of: site number_rank number)
Please enter on each page of the CRF
Inclusion Criteria:
Adult patient (≥18 years of age)
Hospitalized in an ICU. The abdominal sepsis can be either the principal
diagnosis leading to ICU admission or a complication during the ICU course.
Abdominal sepsis may be either community- or healthcare-associated.
Infection of abdominal origin (one of the following):
Primary peritonitis
Secondary peritonitis
Tertiary peritonitis
Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis
Intra-abdominal abscess
Biliary tract infection
Pancreatic infection
Typhlitis
Toxic megacolon
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Section 1 – Demographics
Date of birth
(day/month/year)
:
___
Age (years)
: ________ (18 – 100 yrs)
SAPS II points:
<40 yrs:
0 points
40 – 59 yrs:
7
60 – 69 yrs: 12
70 – 74 yrs: 15
75 – 79 yrs: 16
>79 yrs:
18
Gender:
Male
Female
Weight (kg):
_____________ (30 – 180kg)
measured
estimated
Height (m):
_____________ (1.30 – 2.20m)
measured
estimated
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Section 2 – Admission data
2.1. Date of hospital admission
(day/month/year)
:
__ ___ ____
2.2. Date of ICU admission
(day/month/year)
:
__ ___ ____
2.3. Admission source:
other acute care hospital
admission date referring centre
(day/month/year)
:
__ ___ ____
emergency room
operating room
general ward
other
2.4. Type of admission:
medical
(SAPS II points: 6)
surgical
elective
(SAPS II points: 0)
emergency
(SAPS II points: 8)
burns
(SAPS II points: 6)
trauma
(SAPS II points: 8)
2.5. Primary and secondary diagnoses
Principal diagnosis leading to ICU admission (only 1, see codes list):
__ __ __
Secondary diagnoses; present prior to or at the day of abdominal infection (max. 3, see
codes list):
__ __ __
__ __ __
__ __ __
Description: The acute disease should be recorded for all patients, independent of the surgical status. It is the acute
(or acute on chronic) disease that best explains the reason(s) for admission. It can be medical or surgical. Only one
choice is possible for the primary diagnosis. Up to three secondary diagnoses can be reported on the case report
form.
2.6. Underlying conditions
(possible to calculate Charlson Comorbidity Index, J Chron Dis 1987)
chronic pulmonary disease
COPD (GOLD stage III or IV)
other
AIDS (not just HIV positive)
malignancy
cancer (solid tumor)
metastatic cancer
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hematologic cancer
neurological disease
cerebrovascular disease
dementia
hemiplegia
peptic ulcer disease
liver disease
portal hypertension
hepatic cirrhosis
Modified Child-Pugh classification:
Ascites:
none
mild
moderate/severe
Encephalopathy:
none
mild
moderate/severe
Bilirubin (µmol/L):
<34
35-50
>50
or bilirubin (mg/dL):
<2.0
2.0-2.9
>2.9
Albumin (g/L):
>35
28-35
<28
Prothrombin time (seconds over normal)
<4
4-6
>6
chronic renal failure
mild: GFR ≥60 mL/min.
moderate: GFR 30 – 59 mL/min.
severe: GFR 15 – 29 mL/min.
end-stage: GFR <15 mL/min. or requiring renal replacement therapy
myocardial infarction (history, not ECG changes only)
congestive heart failure
chronic heart failure (NY Heart Association class IV)
peripheral vascular disease
diabetes mellitus
without end-organ damage (excludes diet controlled alone)
with end-organ damage (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, brittle diabetes)
immunosuppressed status (check all that apply)
neutropenia (<1000 neutrophils/mm
3
)
corticosteroid therapy (prednisolone or equivalent >0.5 mg/kg/day for >3 months)
chemotherapy within one year
radiotherapy within one year
bone marrow recipient
solid organ transplant recipient
immunosuppressive drug for auto-immune diseases
congenital immunodeficiency
connective tissue disease
life style risk factors
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malnutrition (BMI<18)
obesity (BMI>30)
tobacco use (>20 pack years)
alcohol abuse (>1L of wine /day or equivalent = 10g alcohol day)
IV drug abuse
2.7. Severity of acute illness at ICU admission
(SAPS II-score, JAMA 1993)
Heart rate (bpm)
<40 (11 points)
40-69 (2 points)
70-119 (0 points)
120-159 (4 points)
≥160 (7 points)
Core body temperature (min.) __ __ . __
(max.) __ __ . __ °C
<39°C (0 points)
≥39°C (3 points) or
<102.2°F (0 points)
≥102.2°F (3 points)
Therapeutic hypothermia
yes
no
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
<70 (13 points)
70-99 (5 points)
100-199 (0 points)
≥200 (2 points)
Mechanical ventilation
yes
no
Non-invasive ventilation
yes
no
PaO
2
/FiO
2
<100 (11 points)
100-199 (9 points)
≥200 (6 points)
Count points only IF on mechanical ventilation (invasive or non-invasive).
Blood urea
(mg/dL)
<0.6 (0 points)
6 – 1.79 (6 points)
≥1.80 (10 points)
or (mmol/L)
<10 (0 points)
10 – 29.9 (6 points)
≥30 (10 points)
or BUN (mg/dL)
<28 (0 points)
28 - 83 (6 points)
≥84 (10 points)
Leucocytes (cells/mcL) (min.) __ __ __
(range 300-40000)
(max.) __ __ __
(range 300-40000)
<1000 (12 points)
1000-19000 (0 points)
≥20000 (3 points)
Urine output (mL/24hours)
<500 (11 points)
500 - 1000 (4 points)
>1000 (0 points)
Serum potassium (mEq/L)
<3 (3 points)
3 – 4.9 (0 points)
≥5 (3 points)
Serum sodium (mEq/L)
>144 (1 points)
125 - 144 (0 points)
<125 (5 points)
Total bilirubin (indicate max. value)
mg/dL
<4 (0 points)
4 – 5.9 (4 points)
≥6 (9 points)
or
µmol/L
<68.4 (0 points)
68.4 – 102.5 (4 points)
≥102.6 (9 points)
Serum bicarbonate (mEq/L)(indicate min. value)
<15 (6 points)
15 - 19 (3 points)
≥20 (0 points)
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Glasgow Coma Score
__ __
(range 3 – 15)
(effective if not sedated, estimated if sedated)
<6 (26 points)
6 - 8 (13 points)
9 - 10 (7 points)
11 - 13 (5 points)
14 - 15 (0 points)
2.8 Miscellaneous risk factors – information required to determine community or
healthcare-associated onset of sepsis
(check all that apply)
Nursing home resident
Out of hospital parenteral nutrition or vascular access
Chronic dialysis
Hospital admission in the past 6 months
Antibiotic therapy in the past 6 months
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Section 3 - Diagnosis of abdominal infection
Date of diagnosis
(day/month/year)
:
__ ___ ____
Time of diagnosis
(
hh:mn ; use 24 hrs clock
)
:
___ : ___
(
for the time of diagnosis, indicate the
time of clinical suspicion of IAI.)
Time of puncture / surgical intervention (if any)
(
hh:mn ; use 24 hrs clock
)
:
___ : ___
3.1. Diagnostic tools
(check all that apply; specific microbiological investigation is
mentioned later on, section…)
Clinical investigation (palpation, auscultation)
Abdominal ultrasound
Abdominal CT-scan
Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
Puncture / trans-abdominal fine-needle aspiration
Explorative laparoscopy
Explorative laparotomy
3.2. Anatomical disruption
(check only one)
Without perforation
Localized peritonitis
upper GI tract perforation (stomach & duodenum)
lower GI tract perforation (jejunum, ileum, colon, rectum)
Diffuse peritonitis
3.3. Diagnosis – derived from the International Sepsis Forum Consensus Conference
Definitions (Calandra T, et al. Crit Care Med 2005)
(check all that apply)
Primary peritonitis
(also referred to as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis) is
defined as a microbial infection of the peritoneal fluid in the absence of a
gastrointestinal perforation, abscess, or other localized infection within the
gastrointestinal tract.
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Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis
is defined as microbial infection of the
peritoneal fluid in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis, in the absence of
indicators for gastrointestinal perforation (high peritoneal fluid leukocyte
count, failure to clear with antimicrobials, …).
Secondary peritonitis
is a microbial infection of the peritoneal space
following perforation, abscess formation, ischemic necrosis, or penetrating
injury of the intra-abdominal contents.
Tertiary peritonitis
is defined as persistent intra-abdominal inflammation
and clinical signs of peritoneal irritation following secondary peritonitis
from nosocomial pathogens.
Intra-abdominal abscess
is a pocket of infected fluid and pus located within
the peritoneal space or surrounding structures. There may be more than
one abscess.
single abscess
multiple abscess formation
Location (free text): __ __ __
Biliary tract infection
is an acute inflammatory process of the biliary tract or
surrounding structures as evidenced by either (i) the isolation of pathogenic
microorganisms obtained via percutaneous or direct surgical collection of
samples in the lumen of the gall bladder or the biliary tract or the blood, or
(ii) surgical or radiographic evidence of suppurative complications.
Pancreatic infection
is defined as infection in the pancreas, following acute
mostly necrotizing pancreatitis or infection of a structural abnormality such
as a pseudocyst (as complication of chronic pancreatitis).
Typhlitis
is defined as transmural inflammation and variable degrees of
necrosis and infection of the cecum and colon found in
immunocompromized hosts (primarily in neutropenic patients and HIV-
infected patients).
Toxic megacolon
is defined as an acute dilation of the colon due to diffuse
inflammation or necrosis of the bowel wall in the absence of mechanical
obstruction.
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Section 4 – Microbiology
4.1. Microbiology at time of diagnosis/surgery
4.1.1. Perioperative cultures
not applicable, no peri-operative cultures are sampled
check box if patient already received empiric antimicrobial therapy prior to culture sampling
Type of sampling:
histology
swab
peritoneal fluid
peritoneal rinse fluid
Culture results:
…
4.1.2. Trans-abdominal fine-needle aspiration
not applicable, no peri-operative cultures are sampled
check box if patient already received empiric antimicrobial therapy prior to culture sampling
Culture results:
…
4.1.3. Blood cultures
not applicable, no peri-operative cultures are sampled
check box if patient already received empiric antimicrobial therapy prior to culture sampling
Culture results:
…
4.1.4. Cultures sampled from abdominal drains within 24 hrs. post surgery
not applicable, no peri-operative cultures are sampled
check box if patient already received empiric antimicrobial therapy prior to culture sampling
Culture results:
…
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4.2. Additional microbiological results during the course of the abdominal infection –
Cultures sampled from abdominal drains are not considered
peri-operative (during surgical revision)
Date of culture sampling
(day/month/year)
:
__ ___ ____
Culture result: …
trans-abdominal fine-needle aspiration
Date of culture sampling
(day/month/year)
:
__ ___ ____
Culture result: …
blood culture
Date of culture sampling
(day/month/year)
:
__ ___ ____
Culture result: …
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Section 5 – Anti-infective approach
5.1. Antimicrobial therapy
Drug name
(generic)
Dose / day
Route
(cf. menu)
Date and
time of the
first dose
Date of the
last dose
Type
of
prescription
(cf. menu)
Example 1:
ceftazidime
Loading: 2g
Maintenance: 6g
Enter 8g
2
01/03/2009
13 :00
03/03/2009
2
Example 2:
meropenem
Loading: -
Maintenance: 4×1g
Enter 4g
1
03/03/2009
14 :00
10/03/2009
3
1.
dd/mm/yy
yy
hh:mn
dd/mm/yyyy
2.
dd/mm/yy
yy
hh:mn
dd/mm/yyyy
3.
dd/mm/yy
yy
hh:mn
dd/mm/yyyy
Menu
:
Route: (1) intravenous – intermittent;
(2) intravenous – continuous infusion or extended infusion;
(3) oral;
(4) intratracheal;
(5) intramuscular;
Type of prescription
(1) empirical therapy based on sepsis without knowledge of previous colonization;
(2) empirical therapy based on previous patient’s colonization;
(3) targeted therapy based on the microbiological results
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Infectious problems not related to the abdominal sepsis requiring antimicrobial
therapy:
community-acquired pneumonia
healthcare-associated pneumonia
ventilator-associated pneumonia
bloodstream infection
urinary tract infection / pyelonephritis
central nervous system infection
surgical site infections / soft tissue infections
osteomyelitis
other
5.2. Source control
none
drainage
percutaneous drainage (without surgical intervention)
surgical drainage
high-volume peritoneal lavage during surgery
placement of one or more percutaneous drains
debridement of necrotic tissue
decompression
(to avoid abdominal compartment syndrome or to avoid
obstruction of distended bowel)
restoration of anatomy and function
5.3. Use of adjunctive therapy for sepsis
Did the patient receive any type of adjunctive therapy for sepsis?
no
yes, specify:
immunoglobulins
hydrocortisone (200-300 mg/day)
other: ___________________________________
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Section 6 – Severity of disease assessment: pre-diagnosis
(worst parameters
observed at onset of abdominal sepsis within a 6 hrs. time frame before medical
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