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This article is also used in other more specific situations:
With some general nouns, when it is clear which thing or person we mean
The police, the dentist, the doctor, the director, the hospital, the bank, the post office, the army, the fire department,
the station, the airport, the movies, the theatre, the cinema, the radio, the news
Different parts or objects in a home
The roof, the wall, the ceiling, the door, the floor, the bathroom, the bedroom, the living room, the kitchen, the
carpet, the oven, the fridge, the picture
When there is only one of something
The earth, the sky, the city, the country (the suburbs), the sun, the moon, the ground, the capital of France

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Superlatives
The most expensive restaurant…, the easiest way to do this…, the highest number of…
”TV” does not take the article “the”; otherwise, we are talking about a specific Television.
I watched the news on Television last night. (general)
Could you please turn up the television? (the TV in the room, specific)
Nationality words
The French, the English, the German, the Spanish, the Dutch
With adjectives to form a plural noun to refer to something in general
The rich, the poor, the blind, the dead, the old, the unemployed, the homeless
Machines and inventions
The telephone, the wheel, the bicycle, the car, the plane
Things when we refer to them in general (not a specific thing)
The lion, the monkey, the tulip, the rose
Musical instruments
 
(mainly in British English; in American English, “the” is omitted)
(The) piano, (the) guitar, (the) violin, (the) saxophone
The indefinite article
The indefinite article takes two forms. The word “
a
” is used when a singular countable noun starts with a
consonant (b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z) and the word “
an
” which is used when a singular
countable noun starts with a vowel (a, e, I, o, u). They both are useful to mention something (a singular noun) for
the first time.
For example
Please give me a pen .
She is a doctor . (“a”/”an” is always used for jobs.)
I read an autobiography a while ago.
This sentence holds an idea .
Exceptions
She went to a university in Alberta.
He is an honest man.
It is an honor to meet you.
He is a united states congress member.