Palato
–
alveolar
consonants are articulated by the tip and blade of the tongue, against the
alveolar ridge or the back part of the alveolar ridge. They are [
ʃ
], [
ʒ
] [
ʧ
], [
ʤ
]
Post
alveolar
consonants are articulated by the tip of the tongue against the back part
of the alveolar ridge. It’s the English [r].
According to the work of the vocal cords consonants are divided into
voiced
and
voiceless
.
Voiceless consonants are [p], [t], [k],[
ʧ
], [f], [
], [s], [
∫
], [h]
Voiced consonants are [b], [d], [
ɡ
], [
ʤ
], [v], [
ð
], [z], [
ʒ
], [m], [n], [ŋ], [w], [l], [r], [j]
According to the position of the soft palate consonants are divided into
oral
and
nasal
.
Nasal
consonants are produced with the soft palate lowered while the air – passage
through the mouth is blocked. The English nasal consonants are [m], [n], [ŋ]
Oral
consonants are produced when the soft palate is raised and the air escapes through
the mouth. The oral consonants are [p], [b], [t], [d], [k], [
ɡ
], [f], [v], [
], [
ð
], [s], [z], [
∫
],
[
ʒ
], [h], [
ʧ
], [
ʤ
], [w], [l], [r], [
∫
]
18
Reading Rules of English Consonants
C
c
Before
e, i, y
Before
a, o, u
And
consonant
Letter Combinations
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