183
W
weak
–
кучсиз
–
слабый
wide
–
кенг
–
широкий
word
–
сыз
–
слово
Z
zero reduction
–
рекдукциянинг
–
нулевая редукция
йы=лиги
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.
Амирова З.А., Ольховиков Б.А. «Хрестоматия по языкознанию», Москва.
2.
Аракин В.Д. «Практический курс английского языка». Москва, 1998.
3.
Махамадалиев Х.А. «Практическая фонетика английского языка». Ташкент,
1965.
4.
Соколова М.А. «Практическая фонетика». Москва, 1996.
5.
Трахтеров А.Л. «Английская фонетическая терминология». Москва, 1962.
6.
Abduazizov A. “Theoretical Phonetics of Modern English”. Tashkent, 1986.
7.
Adrian Akmajian and others. “An Introduction to Language and Communication”.
The
MIT Press, Cambridge Mass, 1990.
8.
Antipova M. “Phonostylistics”. Moscow, 1980.
9.
Clement Larey. “Pronunciation”. Oxford University Press, 1995.
10.
Dalton C. and Barbara Seildhofer. “Language Teaching”. CN Oxford University
Press, 1994.
11.
Dubrovin M.I. “A Book of English and Russian Proverbs and Sayings”. Moscow,
1995.
12.
Joanne Kenworthy “Teaching English Pronunciation”. Longman London and New
York, 1994.
13.
O’Grady W., Dobrovolsky M. “Contemporary Linguistics”, the 3
rd
edition, New
York, 1997.
14.
Paulette Dale / Lilian Poms “English Pronunciation”. Florida, 1999.
15.
Peter Avery / Susan Ehrlich. “Teaching American English Pronunciation”.
Oxford, 1992.
16.
Peter Roach “English Phonetics and Phonology. A Practical Course”. Cambridge
University Press, 1995.
17.
Seleznev “English Intonation and Patterns”. Moscow, 1982.
18.
Sokolova M.A., Gintobt K.P., Tikhonova I.S. “English Phonetics”
(A Theoretical Course). Moscow, 1996.
185
Table of Contents
Introduction
_________________________________________________________________________________
3
Chapter One. Sound Formation
_____________________________________________________
5
Unit 1
The Organs of Speech
________________________________________________________
5
Unit 2
The Classification of English Vowel
Phonemes
_______________________
8
Unit 3
The Classification of English Consonant Phonemes
_________________
17
Chapter Two.
The Articulatory Processes
________________________________________
28
Unit 4
Assimilation, Aspiration.
___________________________________________________
28
Unit 5
Accommodation, Elision, Palatalization, Flapping, Deletion,
Dissimilation
__________________________________________________________________
32
Unit 6
Strong and Weak Forms. Reduction
_____________________________________
36
Unit 7
Syllable Formation and Syllable Division. Stress. Schwa
___________
46
Unit 8
The Accentual Structure of English Words
____________________________
53
Chapter Three. Intonation
____________________________________________________________
61
Unit 9
The Components of Intonation. (Sentence - Stress, Rhythm,
Contractions)
___________________________________________________________________
61
Unit 10
Tones
and Scales
_____________________________________________________________
76
Unit 11 Intonation Patterns
___________________________________________________________
83
Chapter Four. Phonostylistics
______________________________________________________
118
Unit 12
Intonational Peculiarities of Descriptive and Scientific Prose
_____
120
Unit 13
Intonational Peculiarities
of Newspaper Style
_______________________
121
Unit 14
Intonational Peculiarities of Drama
________________________________________
123
Unit 15
Intonational Peculiarities of Poetry
_____________________________________
124
Unit 16
Intonational Peculiarities of Reading Tales
___________________________
125
Unit 17
Intonational Peculiarities of Public Speech__
________________________
128
Unit 18
Intonational Peculiarities
of Spontaneous Speech
Phatic Communion
_________________________________________________________
129
Unit 19 Sentences on Sounds. Proverbs and Sayings
_________________________
130
Poetry
________________________________________________________________________________________
135
Prose
_________________________________________________________________________________________
162
Tests ________________________________________________________169
Glossary ( English – Uzbek – Russian )
______________________________________________
176
Bibliography
________________________________________________________________________________
183