Umwitwarariko ku bijanye n’ukwandura imigera y’indwara ku bana bakiri bato Integuro y’icigwa

12.Umwumira no gukama amazi (isanamu 1.2) – iminota 5

5. Erekana:

Baza abagiraneza kudondora ivyo babona ku masanamu ari ku rupapuro rw’ 7.

Ni ibiki mubona muri aya masanamu?

6. Sigura:

Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 6 na 7 z’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

Umwana acibwamwo arakama amazi.Urukoba n’umubiri vyiwe bitangura gukankabirana akaruhira gupfa. Umwana yatakaje amazi menshi nta mosozi agira. Ararira ariko nta tuzi na dukeya ubona mu mosozi. Acibwamwo utuntu duke kubera ata mazi aba agifise mu mubiri wiwe. Umubiri wiwe urakankabagirika ukongera ukuma. Amagufa n’imitsi vyiwe usanga biri ku musozi. Amaso yiwe usanga yijiriwe. Nk’igiti kitagira amazi,umubiri uguma uta inguvu bukebuke.Mu gihe ata gikozwe kugira ngo amazi yatakaye asubirizwe,umwana ,nka kurya kw’igiti kiri mu bugaragwa,arapfa. Iki giti nticigeze kironka amazi na makeyi. Kirata amababi. Umutumba urata inguvu zawo. Amazi y’igiterwa arakama. Igiti gica gipfa. Ibindi bintu ,kiretse ugucibwamwo bitera ,ni ibihe bindi bituma vyoruma umwana akama amazi? kudahwa Kubera icuya kubera izuba rikaze Kubira indugumba kubera inyonko

Ibindi vyo kumenyeshwa uwiga

ugucibwamwo

Ku bana bonka bonyene usanga bacibwamwo ibintu bimeze nk’amaziukwo si ugucibwamwo.Ariko,Iyo umwana yonka acibwamwo ibintu bitagumye aba ari ugucibwamwo.

Kwamamaza

Ugucibwamwo kurakarira cane abana kuva ku mezi 6 gushika ku myaka 2.Kurakarira n’abana bari munsi y’amezi 6 banywa canke bagafungura ibindi atari amaberebere.

13.Ugutakaza amazi birica (isanamu 1.3) – iminota 5

7. Erekana:

Kubaza abagiraneza ivyo babona ku masanamu ari ku rupapuro rw’9.

Ni ibiki mubona muri aya masanamu?

8. Sigura:

Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 8 na 9 z’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

Umwana yaronse ivyo kunywa kugira asubirize amazi yatakaye mu gucibwamwo canke kudahwa akira n’ingoga. Uyu muvyeyi arazi ko amazi ari isoko ry’ubuzima. Aha umwana wiwe amazi kugira agume ari muzima. Igihe cose umwana wiwe acibwamwo canke adahwa,aca yongrereza ivyo kunywa amuha. Nytarindira ko atakaza amazi menshi. Umwana iyo ataronse ivyo kunywa kugira ngo asubirize amazi yatakaye arashobora kwicwa n’inyota. Abavyeyi bamwe bararindira ngo ugucibwamwo kwo nyene kwiheze. Barindira cane ku buryo umubiri uba atacitora. Umwana atanguye gukama amzi kuva mu gatondo ashobora gushika ku mugoroba yapfuye. Ni iyihe ndwara yishe uyu mwana? Uyu mwana yapfuye kubera ata mazi yaronse. Yapfuye kubera abavyeyi biwe batatahuye akamaro k’amazi mu mu mubiri.

Ayandi makuru

Urugero rw’abana bapfa

Abana barakarirwa cane n’ugucibwamwo kurusha abakuze kubera kubera bakama amazi n’ingoga.Imwe ku majana abiri(1/200) nibo bahitanwa n’ugucibwamwo.

Ibitera gucibwamwo

Ugucibwamwo guterwa kenshi n’isuku rike. Ni igukaraba imbere yogufungura canke imbere yo gutegura imfungurwa no mu gihe uvuye mu kazu ka surwumwe canke mu gihe uhejeje gutegura umwana kuko ivyo birafasha cane kugabanya ugucibwamwo ku bana bakiri bato.

Ibitigiri vy’urufatiro – Ugukinga gucibwamwo

Igihe babaza ingene bokinga ugucibwamwo,abagore babajijwe bishuye ibi bikwirikira: «Gutegura no gukingira ibifungurwa n’isuku ryinshi »vyishuwe na 67%, «Gukaraba intoke n’isabuni »na 37%, «kurya neza »na 36% hanyuma «kubika neza amzi ahantu wizigiye » na 17%.⁴

14.Umwumira n’impanuka zawo (Isanamu 1.4) – iminota 5

9. Erekana:

Kubaza abagiranezango badondore ivyo babona ku masanamu ari ku rupapuro rwa 11.

Ni ibiki mubona muri aya masanamu?

10. Sigura:

Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 10 na 11 z’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

Gutwara n’ingoga umwana kwa muganga mu gihe ubonye ko hari ibimenyetso vyerekana ko ariko arakama amazi.^5 Ku mutwe wiwe hatibiye nko mu gikombe. Ivyo bishikira abana bari munsi y’amezi 18 . Amaso arahishira Kurira ata mosozi Kutamererwa neza,kwisinzirirako no gusambagirika Ukweze umubiri uguma umeze kwa kundi hafi amasegonda abiri.

Amakuru aza yiyongera ku wuriko ariko arigisha

Urukoba rukweduka

Kugira upime ugukweguka kw’urukoba rwawe,ni umere nk’uwukwega hanyuma uce urekura. Uca uraba ingene umubiri wawe wihuta nk’uko wari uri kare. Ubu naho kwega urukoba rwo ku nda y’umwana wawe hanyuma uce urekura. Mu gihe umubiri wikweze mu gusubira uko wari uri kare,ni ukuvuga ko umwana wawe yatewe n’umwumira.

Mu gihe umwana afungura nabi biboneka,umubiri w’umwana urashobora kwikwega mu gusubira uko wari uri n’aho atoba afise umwumira.

Umwumira

Mu ntango z’umwumira, nta bimenyetso na bimwe ubona.

Uko umwumira utera uduga n’ibimenyetso bikiyerekana,mu ntango ivyo bimenyetso birangwa:n’inyota,kuruhuka kudahera,amaso atukuye,uruhorihori ruradidagizwa.

Ku mwumira ukaze,inkwirikizi zirakomera. Umwana ashobora guta ubwenge,agaharika gusoba,umubiri ugatimba hanyuma n’ugutembera kw’amaraso kukagenda bukebuke.urpfu ntiruteba gukwirikira mu gihe umwana atavuwe n’ingoga.

Ugucibwamwo no gufungura nabi

Mu gihe umwana asanzwe afungura nabi,ugucibwamwo kurashobora kumuhitana vyoroshe. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe ntushobora kubibona ku mwana arya nabi canke arwaye kwashi. Ariko,abo bana baguma bakaza inyota,baragoyagoya,bagira akantu ko gushuha,agatota ku maboko no ku maguru.

Uruhorihori rudidagizwa

Uruhorihori ni umubiri woroshe uri mu ruhanga rw’uruyoya.Ni ahantu amagufa yo mu gitwe ciwe aba atahuye neza ngo asokane.Mu bisanzwe bitwara hagati u’umwaka 1-2 kugira uruhorihori ruhere neza.

11. Igikorwa: Ukwerekana ivy’umwumira^6 – iminota 15

Kwgeranya ibikoresho vyose bikenewe imbere yo gutangura:

Akamwanya gafise igitoboro gotoyi muns.

Igikombe n’ibesani vy’amazi vyo kwuzuza ako kamwanya

1. 
   Gusaba uwuvyipfuza ngo aze azibire ako gatoboro kari ku kamwanya kugira ntihagire amazi aseseka.
   

15. Gushira amazi mukamwanya kugeza aho kuzura kakongera kakavyimba.

16.Sigura:

Aka kamwanya

Kerekana umwana yonka kenshi ku musi kandi afise amazi menshi mu mubiri wiwe.Umbiri wiwe uruzuye kandi aravyibushe.

1. 
   Iyo dukweze akamwanya,haca haba iki?
   
2. 
   Uca usubira uko wari uri kare.
   
3. 
   Nk’aka kamwanya igihe umubiri wawe ufise amazi akwiye,uca usubiri kumera uko wari uri iyo bawukweze.
   

17.Bwira umuvyeyi wese akwege umubiri w’umwana wiwe n’intoke ace araba ingene umubiri usubirayo.Erkana ingene umubirir wiwe ususbirayo.

18.Ubu rero,saba uwubishaka arekure gatoya hamwe yari yazibiye ku kamwanya vyerekane ko umwana ariko aracibwamwo canke ariko aradahwa.usabe abandanye arekura haseseka amzi makemake mu misegonda mikeyi kugeza aho akamwanya kagabanuka kakongera kakituna

19.Mu gihe ariko arareka amzi ngo aseseke,sigura:

4. 
   Umwanya wose,umwana aguma asoba,hari amazi ariko arasohoka mu mubiri wiwe.
   

1. 
   Iyo umwana ariko aradahwa,canke acibwamwo, amazi akama n’ingoga.
   
2. 
   Igihe umwana akamye amazi menshi kubera gucibwamwokudahwa,kubira icuya canke kudahwa,arakankabirana akongera akonda nk’aka kamwanya.
   
3. 
   Umubiri ntukweduka ngo usubire uko wari uri nk’igihe bawukwega.
   
4. 
   Igihe ivyo bishitse,umwana umwana aba ageramiwe cane. Umwana aba akeneye gufashwa n’ingoga kuko ubuzima bwiwe buba bugeramiwe.
   

Umwana yokingira bikabije gute umwana gukama amazi?

Kumuha ivyo kunywa bishobora gusubirira amazi aba yatakaye!

20.Gasaba uwubishaka ngo asubire azibire ka kamwanya amazi ntasubire guseseka. Uzuza akamwanya n’amazi mpaka gasubire kwuzura.

1. 
   Mu kwikingira umwumira,igihe cose umwana atakaje amazi,dutegerezwa kuyasubiriza.
   

21.Kwishura inyishu.

12. Gucaca – iminota 10

None ibi vyiyumviro muvyiyumvirako iki? Mbega hoba hariho ibintu vyoshobora kukubuza gukurikiza ingendo duhejeje kuyagako uyu musi?

Saba abo bavyeyi bayagishe umugore yicaye i ruhande yabo. Ni bavugane nawe amakenga yabo yose boba bafise ku cigwa. Bari hamwe bakwiye kugerageza gutora umuti w’ayo makenga n’izo ngorane. Imitota itanu iheze, uce usaba Abavyeyi Tubaramure bashikirize ivyo bayazeko.

13. Gutomora – iminota 5

Bafashe kuronka umuti w’amadidane yabo. Ni haba hari umugore yishuye neza impungenge z’uwundi mugore, ni umushimire kandi uhimirize abandi bagore ngo bazirikane umuti yashikirije.

14. Kwimenyereza no kumenyereza ─ iminota 20

1. 
   Saba Abavyeyi Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho baronkejwe uyu musi bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari mu Mugwi Tubaramure bakoresheje bwa buhinga bwo kwigisha.
   

22.Bwira abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bumviriza izo nyigisho ko borondera ikintu batemera mu vyo bigishijwe; imvo imwe ituma babona ko iyo nyigisho yoba igoye kuri bo.

23.Abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bashikiriza izo nyigisho bakwiye kugerageza gufasha abo bagore gutsinda izo ntambamyi.

24.Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi Muvyeyi Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri z’iki cigwa zikurikira zo mu Gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

25.Umu Promoteri akwiye kwumviriza, agakosora, kandi agafasha Abavyeyi Tubaramure vyagoye.

26.Bose bahejeje, ace yishura ibibazo abo bavyeyi boba bafise ku bijanye n’ibikoresho, canke n’icigwa c’uyu musi.

15. Kwiyemeza ─ iminota 2

? Mbega uragomba gufata ingingo ijanye n’inyigisho vumvise uyu musi? None icemezo cawe ni ikihe?

Saba umuvyeyi wese avuge mu majambo yikuriye mu kanwa icemezo gishasha agiye gufata uyu musi. Umuvyeyi wese arashobora kwihitiramwo icemezo abona ko gihambaye gusumba ibindi kuri we.

Akarorero:

• 
  Nzotwara umwana wanje kwa muganga igihe nzobona ibimenyetso vy’umwumira.
  
• 
  Nzoha ivyo kunywa umwana wanje igihe cose azoba acibwamwo kugira ndamukingire ntakame amazi menshi.
  
• 
  Nzosigurira ibimenyetso vyo gukama amazi ku bantu bose bitaho abana banje.
  

16. Gusuzuma─ iminota 15

Baza abo bavyeyi umwe ku wundi ivyo biyemeje.

Ni ikihe cemezo wafshe muri iki cigwa? None wakigumije?

Gute – uzokora iki?

Hari umuntu n’umwe (umugabo,umunyokuru canke abana)yavyitayemwo canke ngo akubuze gukwirikiza ivyo vyemezo vyawe? Tera iyo nkuru y’ingene vyagenze?

Ni ibihe bifasha (abantu,ibihe canke ibikorwa) mu buzima bwawe bigorana kurangura ivyo wiyemeje?

Izo ngorane washoboye kuzitorera umuti gute?

Mu kurangiza baza umuvyeyi wese aria ho umwe ku wundi ivyo yaranguye mu ndwi zibiri ziheze:

Woba wakaravye intoke zawe imbere yo gutegura umusururu w’umwana wawe uno musi mu gatondo?

Wogeje gute ibikombe n’amasorori wakoresheje uno musi mu gatondo?

Mbega ubu amasafuriya yo guteka n’ibindi bikoresho vyo guteka ubibika he?

Urafise aho ukarabira n’aho wogereza amasahani mu nzu yawe?