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women’s colleges, private non-profit universities and colleges, private profit universities
and colleges, public
universities and colleges, and community colleges. Due to the many
different types of U.S. higher education, Korean students can choose U.S. colleges and
universities flexibly based upon the preferred academic programs. In 2009, the total
number of U.S. higher education institutions was 4,495: 4 year institutions were 2,774
and 2 year institutions were 1,721 (U.S.
Census Bureau, 2012). Furthermore, Table 1
illustrates that international students choose certain programs in the United States, such
as Research/Doctoral, Master’s, Bachelor’s, Special-Focus, and 2-year, depending on the
type of U.S. higher educational institutions (Chronicle, 2010).
Table 1
Racial Representation Among American College Students, by Type of Institution
Public/Private Institutions
Research/Doctoral
Master’s
Bachelor’s
Special-Focus
2-year
All Races Total
5,211,700
4,042,159
2,043,632
449,540
7,250,698
Nonresident Alien
885,989
(17%)
242,530
(6%)
102,182
(5%)
44,954
(10%)
290,028
(4%)
Note: Percentages are rounded. Figures include full-and part-time undergraduate and graduate students.
Source: Chronicle analysis of U.S Education Department Data
As shown in Table 1, in 2010, 17% of students (885,989) enrolled in the research
and doctoral based programs in the United States
were international students, and 6% of
students (242,530) pursuing master degrees were international students. Furthermore, 5%
students (102,182) who graduated with their bachelor’s degrees were international
students. There were 4% of students (290,028) who went to two-year colleges, like
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community colleges, who were international students, and
they may come to four years
colleges and universities after finishing at their two-year colleges.
Interestingly, there were 10% of students (44,954) who studied in the subject of
special-focus who were international students, and this shows that this figure is the lowest
population of the total public and private institutions. According Table 1, international
students may come to the U.S. higher education institutions
to earn professional
experiences through the research labs and the Ph.D., the certificates or the licenses, the
master degrees, the bachelor degrees, and the associate degrees in that order of popularity.
As previously stated, approximately 4,500 American colleges and universities are
spread out around the United States. This number is quite huge for one single country
because Korea has fewer colleges and universities than the American higher educational
institutions.
In Korea, “Today there are some 376 official [Higher Educational]
institutions that support 3.7m students and 60,000+ academic staff” stated Parry (2011,
para. 3). The total number of South Korean colleges and universities is approximately
376, and the American higher education institutions have 4,124 more than Korean
colleges and universities. In other words, Korean students have fewer opportunities to
find appropriate academic programs in their home country than
in the American higher
education system. Therefore, this circumstance may make many Korean students decide
to study in the American higher education institutions.