Impacts of climate change on water resources in Central Asia
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Número 25, 2009
part of the rural population. Vulnerability of the rural population is also
caused by an increase in natural hydrometeorological phenomena. The
negative consequences of climate change for hydropower at a given stage
are mainly landslips and mud-flows, thus promoting an increase in the
silting-up of reservoirs. The
decrease in river flow, which is expected
over the medium and the long-term, will also be unfavourable for hy-
dropower. The influence of climate change on transport infrastructure
is especially typical for highmountainous regions where the main part
of this infrastructure are the highways on which
the basic proportion of
goods turnover takes place.
The influence of climate change is more obvious on the environment.
The speeding-up of processes of land degradation and desertification,
the acceleration of natural hydrometeorological phenomena and the loss
of efficiency of ecological systems all point to an increase in active cli-
matic fluctuations in the region.
However, experts consider that water resources are especially vulner-
able to the influence of climate change. Rising temperatures have already
speeded up the hydrological cycle. A warmer atmosphere retains more
humidity, becomes less stable and, as a result it leads to an increase in
precipitation. Rising temperatures also speed up the evaporation process.
The loss of quantity and quality of fresh water resources will be the end
result of these changes in water circulation in all the different regions. In
regions with a temperate climate, the thickness of mountain glaciers and
snowcaps have already reduced, and especially during spring.
The glaciers of Central Asia have undergone considerable changes ow-
ing to global climate change. According to some data, in recent decades
their surface area has reduced by 30-35%. Changes in areas of glaciations
and the snowiness of a zone of flow formation can have considerable in-
fluence on hydrological regimes and water resources. Considering the
key role played by water resources in the socio-economic development
of the countries in the region, such a trend can lead to major negative
consequences during coming decades.
Sulton Rahimov
38
Documentos CIDOB, Asia
Impacts of climate change on water resources in Central Asia
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