Sulton Rahimov
50
Documentos CIDOB, Asia
Impacts of climate change on water resources in Central Asia
longed drought, hygrophilous vegetation may be under threat. Warming
will result not only in a change in diversity of flora and fauna species, but
also in changes of biological interrelations in ecosystems. Against this back-
ground, new kinds of flora and fauna may also occur, species that are not
characteristic to the region. Expected climate change may have a negative
influence on the state of natural pastures and hayfields, which are a source of
production of cheap food for animal husbandry.
Different disasters such as droughts, floods, mudflows, landslips, etc are
increasing in the region owing to the climate changes that are occurring.
Annual economic losses from such phenomena total hundreds of millions of
dollars, not counting human lives. According to the Human Development
Report on Central Asia (2005) the potential economic costs may reach 70%
of the GDP of Tajikistan, 20% of Kyrgyzstan’s, with more moderate figures
of 3-5% in Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
Owing to climate change occurring in the region, phenomena have
been observed such as an increase in cardiovascular system pathologies,
a growing influence of hypoxia in high-mountain areas, and outbreaks
of epidemics of infectious-parasitic diseases connected with tempera-
ture rise and air humidity. In the case of floods, storm precipitation
and the deterioration of the state of public water supply systems, to-
gether with abackground of high temperatures, the risk of typhoid fever,
paratyphois, salmonellosis, dysentery, amebiasis, helminthiasis, etc. has
increased (Kajumov; Makhmadaliev, 2002).
The above problems require urgent measures to be taken to adapt
to climatic changes and to mitigate their influence in all Central Asia
countries.
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