Sulton Rahimov
42
Documentos CIDOB, Asia
Impacts of climate change on water resources in Central Asia
In Kazakhstan’s mountain systems, a reduction in the number and size
of glaciers is also observed. Most intensively, glaciation decreased from the
middle of 1950 till 1980, reaching a maximum in the first half of the 1970s.
During the period from 1956 till 1990, glaciations in the mountains of
south-east Kazakhstan was reduced by an average intensity of 0.85% a year
as regards glacier area, and 1.0% in ice volume (Alamanov et al. 2006).
The arranged research shows that glaciers –depending on their size, char-
acter and height– react differently to climate changes. So, on Glazyrin's
assessments (2006), the higher that river basins are located, the steadier
the glaciations. Exactly because of this, the Pamirs glaciations (which
on average lay higher), was reduced to less than the lower glaciations of
Gissaro-Alay. Data also show that the smaller a glacier is, the more it is
subject to the influence of climate change. Furthermore, it was shown that
the ablation of small glaciers is more intensively at the edges than in the
middle. Glacier location also has a considerable influence. So, the glaciers
lying on slopes of southern rhumbs are on average more resistant to cli-
mate change, and are reduced more slowly than on the slopes of northern
rhumbs. And this is true in spite of the fact that they are, as a rule, smaller
in size (Glazyrin, 2006).
The experts claim that if rates of glacier thawing are halted saved, then
over
the medium and long-term, the flow
of mountain rivers will be
lowered twice more.
Impacts of climate
change on surface flow
Observations show that climatic changes have considerable influence
on the hydrological regime of surface flow. In regions where the essential
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