77
Land and Water Management patterns in Ferghana
Valley
Bektur Sakiev
Central Asian Regional Liaison
Officer at Foundation for
Tolerance
International
Abstract
The proliferation of conflicts related to how to share and use the region’s water re-
sources that flourished among these states is a clear example of the legacy of a Soviet-
style economy. The Soviet government built huge water reservoirs in Kyrgyzstan and
Tajikistan, primarily for the cotton industry in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Several
hydropower stations were also built. Power grids in the region were linked up into
one single regional network, and the coordination of the water flows to the cotton
fields during the hot season was managed from Moscow. Nonetheless, the break-up
of the Soviet Union led to the emergence of 15 new sovereign states, including five
in the Central Asian region. Until today, this issue has remained at the top of the
agendas of the newly-independent Central Asian states. Basically, the main problem
is that these water resources are concentrated unequally throughout the region’s ter-
ritory. More than 90% of all water resources in Central Asia are concentrated in the
mountains of the two smallest and poorest states, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. The
region’s two main rivers, Syr-Darya and Amu-Darya, have their sources in these two
countries, whereas the main consumers of water, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan are
located downstream. Despite such obvious mutual interest in bargaining, and the
great chances and great potential for mutual benefit, the upstream and downstream
states have failed to come up with a long-term solution over water resources man-
agement.
Bektur Sakiev
78
Documentos CIDOB, Asia
Land and Water Management patterns in Ferghana Valley
Dostları ilə paylaş: