Wp#3: Conducting Field Research



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ENG 102 Field Research

WP#2: Conducting Field Research for Longer Referential Papers

  • Observations
  • Survey Questionnaires
  • Interviews

Purpose of FIELD RESEARCH

  • Supplements traditional library research
  • Adds authenticity to the research project
  • Takes the student beyond the classroom
  • Requires planning and preparation
  • Leads to interesting resources

Let’s start with

  • OBSERVATIONS

OBSERVATIONS

  • Planning the visit
  • Gain access
  • Announce intentions
  • Take tools:
  • notebook, pen, tape recorder, camera
  • Conducting the visit
  • Observe
  • Take notes
  • Reflect
  • Write up notes

Next we’ll consider

  • INTERVIEWS

INTERVIEWS

  • Who to interview?
  • PLANNING STEPS
  • Choose person
  • Schedule interview
  • Compose questions

Bad INTERVIEW Questions

  • Forced Choice Questions
  • “Don’t you agree that … ?”
  • Creates a dead end to the conversation
  • Leading Questions
  • Assumes too much
  • (agreement, knowledge, etc.)

Good INTERVIEW Questions

  • There are two types:
  • OPEN QUESTIONS
  • CLOSED QUESTIONS

Open Questions

  • Give the respondent range & flexibility
  • Generate anecdotes
  • Generate personal revelations
  • Allow expressions of attitude
  • Example: “Tell me about a time when you ….” or “What did you think of …?”

Closed Questions

  • Request specific information
  • Examples
  • “How do you do (name a process)?”
  • “What does (name a word) mean?”
  • “How was it made?”

Conducting the INTERVIEW

  • Take tools (travel directions, notebook, pen/pencil, tape recorder -- only with permission though)
  • Arrive on time
  • Take notes
  • Reflect on notes
  • Write up notes
  • Be mindful of the person’s time

Now let’s move on to

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRES

  • Focus your study
  • What do you need to study?
  • What information or opinions do you wish to gain from the study?

Write your questionnaire

  • Use 7-15 questions
  • Gather demographic info first
  • Combine CLOSED with OPEN questions
  • Use a variety of types of closed questions

Types of CLOSED Questions

  • Checklists
  • 2-Way questions (yes-no)
  • Multiple choice
  • Ranking scales

Type up the Questionnaire

  • Start with a centered title at the top of the page
  • Have introductory paragraph explaining purpose for questionnaire
  • List the name or names (first and last) of all author(s) on survey form
  • Continued on next page

Type up the Questionnaire

  • Give directions for how to fill out the survey form
  • Photocopy the survey questionnaire (make more copies than you will distribute)
  • Distribute questionnaires to appropriate number of your target audience

The Last Step with Q-aires

  • Tally questionnaires
  • (use a blank survey form for the tallies)

A final word of advice ...

  • Though not required for WP #2, all three types of field research are appropriate methods of gathering source information for your research paper. Nevertheless, the methods should NOT supplant traditional library research; instead, they should supplement your library resources.

Truly the end of WP#2 Photograph of the Main-Line Five used by permission of Ruth M. Wynne


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