1 The State of the Patriotic Problem Studied by Foreign and Uzbek Scientists Qobulov Nodirbek Orifjonovich

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International Journal of Academic Engineering Research (IJAER) 
ISSN: 2643-9085 
Vol. 7 Issue 11, November - 2023, Pages: 1-3 
www.ijeais.org/ijaer 
1 
The State of the Patriotic Problem Studied by Foreign and Uzbek 
Scientists 
Qobulov Nodirbek Orifjonovich 
Independent researcher 
Abstract: Patriotism has long been a topic of interest and debate among scholars around the world. This paper provides a review 
of research conducted on patriotism, nationalism and related concepts by academics in various countries, with a particular focus 
on work by Uzbek scientists. Definitions and measurements of patriotism are discussed, along with associated variables like national 
identity, civic engagement and outgroup attitudes. Motivations for and implications of patriotism are examined. The complex 
relationship between patriotism and nationalism is explored. Factors influencing patriotic attitudes and behaviors such as socio-
political context, demographics, personality and values are analyzed. Key findings on the correlates, outcomes and antecedents of 
patriotism are summarized. Directions for future research are proposed, emphasizing the need for more empirical work on 
patriotism in the Uzbek cultural context. This review synthesizes international perspectives on the state of knowledge regarding the 
patriotism problem and highlights opportunities to expand understanding of this multifaceted phenomenon. 
Keywords:
patriotism, nationalism, national identity, civic engagement, Uzbekistan 
Introduction:
Patriotism, defined broadly as love for or devotion to one's country, has been extensively studied by scholars 
around the world for decades. The phenomenon of patriotism has intrigued thinkers going back centuries, but scientific investigation 
of its psychological underpinnings, behavioral manifestations and implications has proliferated in recent years. As globalization has 
expanded interconnectivity between nations, many have observed a resurgence of nationalist and patriotic sentiments. This highlights 
the continued relevance of patriotism as a research subject. 
While universal theories and measurements of patriotism have been proposed, most experts agree that its expressions are 
heavily influenced by socio-political contexts. As such, perspectives from diverse cultures are needed to fully illuminate this complex 
topic. Uzbekistan provides a unique setting for examining patriotism, as a newly independent nation focused on developing national 
identity and civic participation. However, Uzbek academics have yet to comprehensively review studies of patriotism conducted 
internationally and in their home country.
This paper aims to synthesize key findings on the patriotism problem in the existing literature, with particular attention to work 
by Uzbek scientists. Core issues to be reviewed include conceptualizations and measurements of patriotism, associated attitudes and 
behaviors, motivations and implications, distinctions from nationalism, and contextual factors shaping its manifestations. The 
ultimate goal is to assess the current state of knowledge regarding patriotism, highlight gaps that require further investigation, and 
offer suggestions for future research directions within the Uzbek cultural context.