Tushunchalari

Ma’ruza#1. Sun’iy intellekt asosiy tushunchalari, vazifalari va sohalarda qo’llanilishi

Ma’ruza rejasi

Sun’iy intellekt nima. Asosiy tushunchalar Sun’iy intellekt tarixi va asoschilari Sun’iy intellekt yo’nalishlari

Hozirgi kunda amalga oshirilayotgan tadqiqotlar

SI nima?

Artificial intelligance

Machine learning

Deep learning

Self-learning
Classification
Data analytics


Prediction
Search
Knowledge base

Neural networks
Recognation

Semantic reasoning

Natural language processing
Fuzzy logic

Sun’iy intellekt (Artificial intelligence) – Ma’lumotlar tahlili (Data Analytics) – Bashoratlash (Prediction) –

Qat’iymas mantiq (Fuzzy logic) – Bilimlar bazasi (Knowledge base) - Qidiruv (Search) –
Sinflash (Classification) –

Tanib olish (Recognation) –

Machine learning –
O’zini-o’zi o’qitish (Self-learning) – Neyron to’rlari (Neural networks) – Chuqur o’qitish (Deep learning) –
Tabiiy tillarni qayt ishlash (Natural language processing) –
Semantika (Semantic reasoning) –

Sun’iy intellekt tarixi

Sun’iy intellekt tushunchasining asoschisi – 1956 yilda Dartmouth kollegi (Dartmouth College is a private Ivy League reseasrch university in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States.)

Sun'iy intellekt (AI) - bu kompyuterda insonning aqlli xatti- harakatlarini qanday amalga oshirishni o'rganadigan tadqiqot sohasi. AI-ning yakuniy maqsadi o'rganish, rejalashtirish va mustaqil ravishda muammolarni hal qila oladigan kompyuterni yaratishdir. AI yarim asrdan ko'proq vaqt davomida o'rganilgan bo'lsa-da, biz har tomonlama inson kabi aqlli kompyuterni yaratolmaymiz.

1920 yil – Sun’iy kalkulyator

1936 yil – Turing mashinasi, Turing testi 1950 yil – Sun’iy xotira (5 Mb HDD) 1950-1980 yillar – Qoidalar to’plami
1968 yil – Apollo missiyasi, IBM hisoblash mashinasi (100 oper/sec)
1980 yillar – Sun’iy o’yinlar (Shaxmat)

1990 yil – Semantika

Logika, bilimlar grafi,
ma’noni anglash, graflarni qurish


2000 yillar – Machine learning
Ma’lumotlarni o’qib olish (o’qitish) – [learning data] -
> Nazorat ostida o’qitish – [supervised learning] ->
Chuqur o’qitish – [deep learning]


2012 yil – Deep learning
Dr. Geoffrey Hinton, Totonto Universiteti professori

Chuqur o’qitish algoritmlari, ovozni tanish

Sun’iy o’yinlar natijasi
1997 yilda shaxmatchi Garry Kasparov “AI Chess – Deep Blue” ga yutqazib qo’ygan


2016 yilda shaxmatchi Lee Sedol “AlphaGo” ga sun’iy shaxmat o’yinida yutqazgan

Sun’iy intellektni tashkil qiluvchi elementlarning mantiqiy bog’lanishi

Autonomous Planning & Scheduling:

• 
  Autonomous rovers.
  

Autonomous Planning & Scheduling:

• Telescope scheduling

Autonomous Planning & Scheduling:

• Analysis of data:

Medicine:

• Image guided surgery

Medicine:

• Image analysis and enhancement

Transportation:

• 
  Autonomous vehicle control:
  

Transportation:

• 
  Pedestrian detection:
  

AI Applications

Games:

AI Applications

Games:

AI Applications

Robotic toys:

AI Applications

Other application areas: Bioinformatics:

• 
  Gene expression data analysis
  
• 
  Prediction of protein structure
  

Text classification, document sorting:

• 
  Web pages, e-mails
  
• 
  Articles in the news
  

Video, image classification
Music composition, picture drawing
Natural Language Processing .
Perception.

Assisment#1

Sun’iy intellekt yaratilishi haqida Essay

Essay uchun talab:

• 
  Kamida 500 ta so’zdan iborat bo’lishi kerak
  
• 
  SI ni yaratuvchi olimlar va ularning faoliyati
  
• 
  SI ni yaratuvchi olimlardan birini tanlash va uning qo’shgan xissasini bayon qilish
  
• 
  Siz tanlagan yo’nalishda SI ishlatilishining asosiy xususiyatlari