142
Я одеваю
сь
Мы встречаем
ся
Комары
кусают
ся
↓ ↓ ↓
reflexive
voice reciprocal voice
-ся
is the word-
forming affix
expressing the quality of the
object
In Uzbek:
Men xat yozaman (active voice)
Xat yoz
il
di ( passive voice)
Men kiy
in
aman (reflexive voice) Biz ko’r
is
hdik (reciprocal voice)
Bu mato yaxshi yuv
il
adi (-
il
is the word forming
affix expressing the quality of the object)
The affixal morpheme –
ся
in Russian ,
-il
in Uzbek express the
quality of the object
in the given above examples; this peculiarity is
seen in the following English sentence : This book sells well.
The analyses of the given above
examples show that in the
Russian and Uzbek languages there exist active, passive,
reflexive,
reciprocal and middle forms of voice. We can see the interconnection
of the grammatical form with the grammatical meaning which is the
main criteria of the grammatical category. As to the form, it has already
been said that the passive voice is marked by “be + P2” which is
opposed to the active voice expressed by the zero morpheme having
the
meaning of the active voice, where the doer of the action is the
subject of the sentence. In the passive voice the subject is acted upon.
This solution of the voice problem in Modern English is convincing.
9
.
As for the category of tense
in the verbs of the English and
native languages it is desirable to note that
tense forms are expressed
synthetically, analytically, synthetical-analytically. Tense forms
expressed on the morphological level of the English and Uzbek
languages are performed by agglutinated affixation:
