1 republic of uzbekistan ministry of higher and secondary specialised education

Roman Osipovich Jakobson
(Russian: Рома
́н О́сипович Якобсо́н; 
October 11, 1896 – July 18, 1982) was 
a 
Russian-American 
linguist 
and 
literary theorist. 
A pioneer of structural linguistics, 
Jakobson was one of the most 
celebrated and influential linguists of 
the twentieth century. With Nikolai 
Trubetzkoy, he developed revolutionary 
new techniques for the analysis of 
linguistic sound systems, in effect 
founding the modern discipline of 
phonology. Jakobson went on to extend 
similar principles and techniques to the study of other aspects of 
language such as syntax, morphology and semantics. He made 
numerous contributions to Slavic linguistics, most notably two studies 
of Russian case and an analysis of the categories of the Russian verb. 
Drawing on insights from C. S. Peirce's semiotics, as well as from 
communication theory and cybernetics, he proposed methods for the 
investigation of poetry, music, the visual arts, and cinema. 
Through his decisive influence on Claude Lévi-Strauss and Roland 
Barthes, among others, Jakobson became a pivotal figure in the 

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adaptation of structural analysis to disciplines beyond linguistics, 
including philosophy, anthropology, and literary theory; his 
development of the approach pioneered by Ferdinand de Saussure, 
known as "structuralism", became a major post-war intellectual 
movement in Europe and the United States. Meanwhile, though the 
influence of structuralism declined during the 1970s, Jakobson's work 
has continued to receive attention in linguistic anthropology, especially 
through the ethnography of communication developed by Dell Hymes 
and the semiotics of culture developed by Jakobson's former student 
Michael Silverstein. Jakobson's concept of underlying linguistic 
universals, particularly his celebrated theory of distinctive features, 
decisively influenced the early thinking of Noam Chomsky, who 
became the dominant figure in theoretical linguistics during the second 
half of the twentieth century.