1 republic of uzbekistan ministry of higher and secondary specialised education

the basic unit of syntax is the 
sentence.
Any sentence is a structural unity built in accordance with 
one of the patterns existing in a given language. All the sounds of a 
sentence are united or theby typical intonation. All the meanings are
interlaced according to some pattern to make some communication.
There exists a system of coordinates to fix the position or the direction
of thought. These coordinates are
the act of speech, the speaker ( the
writer), reality ( as viewed by the speaker). The act of speech
is 

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the event with which all other events mentioned in the sentence are 
correlated in speech ( the category of tense, time markers). 
The 
speaker
is the person with whom other persons and things in the 
sentence are correlated ( the category of person of the verb and nouns
and pronouns performing the syntactic function of the subject in the 
sentence). 
Reality
is either accepted as the speaker sees it , or an 
attempt is made to change it, or some irreality is fancied ( the category 
of mood, words like must, may, probably , etc.). 
The relations to the act of speech , to the speaker and to the reality
comprise the relation to the situation of the speech. The relation of the 
thought of a sentence to the situation of a speech is called 
predicativity.
Predicativity is an essential part of the content of the 
sentence . So, as we noted above , the sentence can be defined as a 
communication unit made up of words ( and word morphemes) in 
conformity with their combinability , united by predicativity and 
intonation. The predication is made by the function of the main parts 
of the sentence : subject and predicate of the sentence. 
The character of formal means of rendering syntactic relations is 
a determining unit for the language structure . As we have seen above 
, in English the syntactic relations among the words in the sentence
are expressed , in most cases, by order of words in the sentence and by 
the combination of function words with the notional ones; of course 
some grammatical meanings are expressed with the help of flexions( 
plurality of nouns : child-children, tense forms: spend-spent) , by sound 
interchange (man- man, foot-feet, rise-rose), by suppletion ( go-went, 
good- better, be-am/is/are/ was/were), etc. which have been preserved 
from the Old English language as an inheritance from the pure inflected 
language. In modern English expression of grammatical meanings by 
agglutinated affixation ( as it is in the Uzbek language) is productive ( 
work-worked, wide- wider, pen-pens). 
As we have seen in the examples analysed above, the word order 
in the Uzbek sentence is relatively free . It is considered to be a 
dominant factor in the information structure of the sentence . A certain 
sentence can be used with differen informative shades and carry out
different communicative functions , depending on the purpose of the 
speaker / author , and in Uzbek , it is mainly carried out through word 
order. The main characterisics of word order variations are 
demonstrated by the examples given above which are taken from 
literary texts.