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The Boxers had little fear of guns because



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ELS (English Language Studies)

The Boxers had little fear of guns because

  1. they vastly outnumbered their opponents

  2. according to their beliefs, guns couldn't harm them

  3. they believed that moral law was on their side

  4. they had the open support of the army and government

  5. their identities were hidden so no one knew who they were

  1. In general, the people who joined the movement were

  1. highly-placed political figures

  2. ordinary middle-class city dwellers

  3. members of the famous Ch'ing Dynasty

  4. from higher classes of the society

  5. poor agricultural workers and criminals

  1. In 1898, the Chinese government

  1. took a firm stand against the Ch'ing Dynasty

  2. sent out spies in order to overthrow the Boxers

  3. were in favour of foreign influences in their country

  4. tried to prevent the Boxers from harming foreigners

  5. worked in alliance with the Boxers against foreigners



64 IS IT ART?
Paintings and power shovels, sonatas and submarines, dramas and dynamos - they all have one thing in common. They are fashioned by people. They are artificial, in contrast to everything that is natural - plants, animals, and minerals. The average 20th-century person would distinguish paintings, sonatas, and dramas as forms of art, while viewing power shovels, submarines, and dynamos as products of technology. This distinction, however, is a modern one that dates from an 18th- century point of view. In earlier times, the word "art" referred to any useful skill. Shoemaking, metalworking, medicine, agriculture, and even warfare, were all once classified as arts. They were equated with what are today called the fine arts - painting, sculpture, music, architecture, literature, dance, and related fields. In that broader sense, art was defined as a skill in making or doing, based on true and adequate reasoning.


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