3-ma’ruza Mavzu: Populyatsiyalar ekologiyasi

Limiting Factors One grass plant can produce hundreds of seeds. Imagine those seeds drifting onto a vacant field. Many of the seeds sprout and grow into grass plants that produce hundreds more seeds. Soon the field is covered with grass. Can this grass population keep growing forever? Suppose the seeds of wildflowers or trees drift onto the field. If those seeds sprout, trees and flowers would compete with grasses for sunlight, soil, and water. Even if the grasses did not have to compete with other plants, they might eventually use up all the space in the field.When no more living space is available, the population cannot grow. In any ecosystem, the availability of food, water, living space, mates, nesting sites, and other resources is often limited. A limiting factor is anything that restricts the number of individuals in a population. Limiting factors include living and nonliving features of the ecosystem. A limiting factor can affect more than one population in a community. Suppose a lack of rain limits plant growth in a meadow. Fewer plants produce fewer seeds. For seed-eating mice, this reduction in the food supply could become a limiting factor.


Peter Rillero, Dinah Zike . Ecology, 2005 (10-16- betlar)


FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR :

1. 
   Peter Rellero, Dinah Zike. Ecology. USA, Glencoe. 2005. 10-16-bet.
   
2. 
   Anvar To’xtaev. Ekologiya. T.: O’qituvchi. 1998., 2001. 74-89-bet
   
3. 
   O’, Xo’janazarov, M.Mirsovurov, T.Norbobayeva. Ekologiya va barqaror taraqqiyot ta’limi. T.: Navro’z. 2014. 29-30-bet.
   
4. 
   Ergashev A. “Umumiy ekologiya” T, “O’zbekiston” 2003 y. 265-325-bet.
   

Mavzuga oid prezentatsiya mavjud
Hayotchanlikning har xil egri chiziqlari

Tarqatma materiallar
Test savollari

1. 
   Biogeotsenozning tuzilishi va xossalarini, ayrim o`simlik va hayvon turlarining o`zaro aloqasini hamda ularning tashqi muhit bilan munosabatini o’rganadigan ekologiya bo’limlaridan biri?
   

1. 
   Autekologiya C) Populyatsiyalar ekologiyasi
   
2. 
   *Sinekologiya D) Biosfera
   

2. Populyatsiyaning zichligi bu....
A) *Ma’lum maydon birligiga to’g’ri keluvchi individlar soni
B) Populyatsiyadagi individlarning umumiy soni
C) Har xil turlarning populyatsiyasi bir-biridan farq qiladi,
D) Barcha javoblar to’g’ri
3. O`simliklar jamoasidagi o`simliklarning hayotiy asosiy yosh davrlarga ajratgan olim? A) Vernedskiy B) *A.Rabotnov C) Kashkarov D) Sukachev
4. Hayvonlarning ancha yirik birlashmalari....hisoblanadi
A) Podalar B) Galalar C) Koloniyalar D) *Barcha javoblar to’g’ri
4.Tayyor organik moddalarni ist’emol qiluvchi ekosistema qanday nomlanadi?
A) mikrokonsumentlar B) produtsentlar C) makrokonsumentlar D) redutsentlar
5.Organizmlar jamoasini o’rganadigan ekologiyaning bo’limii qanday nomlanadi?
A) autoekologiya B) sinekologiya
C) *populyatsion ekologiya D) ijtimoiy ekologiya
6.Tabiiy va insoniylashtirilgan ekosistemalar o’rtasidagi miqdoriy va sifatiy munosabatlarning o’zaro tengligi nima deyiladi?
A) ekologik me’yor B) ekologik muvozanat C) ekologik omil D) *ekotizim
7. Turli ekologik omillarga nisbatan ekologik valentliklar yig’indisi nima deyiladi?
A) *ekologik spektr B) me’yor chegarasi C) keskinlik nuqtasi D) cheklovchi omil
8.Qaysi fan antropoekologik sistemaning kelib chqishi, yashashi va rivojlanishi qonuniyatlarini o’rganadi?
A) populyatsion ekologiya B) autoekologiya C) sinekologiya D) *inson ekologiyasi
9.Har qanday biogeotsenozlarda . . . . . . bog’liq holda o’zgarishlar kuzatiladi?
A) mavsum ritmiga B) *biotik omillarga C) yillik ritmga D) kecha-kunduz ritmiga
10.Qaysi guruxga kiruvchi o’simliklarning optimal hayot faoliyati quyosh nuri to’lik tushadigan ochik muhitda o’sadi?
A) soyaga chidamli B) *yoruglikka chidamli C) geliofitlar D) siofitlar