10.
(C).
As a result of the supernova in 1604, Galileo gave popular lectures in
which he “sought to explain the origin of the ‘star’” and which “undermined
the views” of some philosophers. Choice (A) mixed up some wording from
the first paragraph to set a trap; the Earth was not made after the supernova of
1604. Choice (B) is too extreme—Galileo “sought to explain” the origin of
the supernova, but it is unclear whether he succeeded. Choice (C) is true—the
lectures were “widely attended by the public.” (A very picky person might
point out that just because people go to a lecture doesn’t mean they are
interested, but all of the other answers are definitely wrong, so that confirms
that this is a reasonable—that is, very tiny—inferential leap.) Choice (D) is
attractive, but is a trap answer. Galileo, in his lectures, “undermined”
(weakened) the views of the philosophers. But the passage doesn’t say what
the philosophers’ responses were or whether the philosophers were opposed
to the lectures themselves (a person could be opposed to the ideas in a lecture
but still think the lecturer should be allowed to lecture). Choice (E) is also
attractive because the modern reader knows this to be true in real life.
However, the question does not ask, “What really happened?” It asks: “The
author mentions which of the following as a result of the supernova of 1604?”
The author does not mention that the philosophers were “proved wrong.”
Their views were “undermined,” which is much less extreme.
11.
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