1st and 3rd only.
“Germophobic” Western society avoids
“premastication,” which provides “beneficial bacteria,” so the first statement
is true. The word “only” eliminates the second statement—watch out for
extreme language! If just one person outside of the developing world
premasticates food for a baby, this statement is false, so it cannot be inferred.
Finally, since “babies have received disease-fighting antibodies and digestive
bacteria from the mother’s saliva,” saliva has at least one benefit (antibodies)
aside from digestive bacteria.
19.
(B).
The author discusses Bois and Damisch’s metaphor (“a dynamic
game”), calls it misleading, and proposes an expansion beyond the
competitive aspect. This matches choice (B). Choice (A) is incorrect, as the
author does not claim that the two artists were the best. Choice (C) only
addresses the details and evidence presented in the passage but not the main
point. Choices (D) and (E) are both distortions because the passage does not
rank the painters, and these issues are again not the point.
20.
(D).
This question type asks for a combination of the point, tone, and,
perhaps, structure. The author expresses the point at the end of the first
paragraph by suggesting that the rivalry between Picasso and Matisse was
more of a dialogue, or “exchange.” This would match choice (D), that
“rivalries can be reciprocally nourishing.” Choice (A) is an incorrect
comparison because the passage rejects the idea that such rivalries are mere
competitions. Choice (B) distorts a detail by adding an opinion not stated in
the passage. The author writes about the artists employing multiple styles, but
never implies they are masters
because
they employ multiple styles. Choice
(C) is a distortion based on a misreading of the “conversation” metaphor.
Choice (E) is incorrect, as the word “generally” is a claim that the author does
not make; the passage concerns one particular rivalry.
21.
(C).
The last paragraph states that Matisse used the same palette in his
work but omitted the green, so Picasso’s
Woman with Yellow Hair
had a larger
color palette, as noted in choice (C). Choices (A), (D), and (E) are incorrect
because they cite comments about
Large Nude in a Red Armchair
, not
Woman
with Yellow Hair
. Choice (B) is backwards—the passage states that Matisse’s
response, as opposed to Picasso’s work, did not rigidly tie color to form.
22.
(B).
The author’s point is that the rivalry was more of a dialogue than a
competition, so “a radio broadcast” as offered in choice (B) would further
support this thesis. Choices (A) and (E) are not correct because those choices
do not say anything about the nature of the rivalry. Choice (C) is wrong
because the author’s point is that their relationship was more than a
competition. Choice (D) misconstrues the metaphor that the author rejects.
23.
(C).
The last paragraph devotes itself to highlighting the problematic
implicit messages of timelines. Choice (A) is a distortion; the author does not
claim dates are unimportant but that historical study should go beyond mere
dates. Choices (B) and (E) are backwards, as these are two of the implicit
messages that the author rejects. Choice (D), while quite likely in the real
world, does not have to follow from the passage—the author implies that
there is more to history than “wars and minor battles, punctuated by the
occasional presidential election and technological innovation” but does not
specify what that is.
24.
(D).
The author argues that timelines are simplistic and misleading; the
author is “wary and critical” of the devices, choice (D). The words
“condescending and impatient” in answer choice (A) would never describe a
GRE author. Regarding choice (B), the author is not “bemused,” or amused,
at all. Nor is the author “negative or complacent,” as stated in choice (E).
25.
(D).
The last paragraph discusses the negative implicit—or subliminal—
issues with timelines, so (D) is the correct answer to this Except question.
Since the author indicates that an implicit flaw is showing “only” 64 events, it
must follow that there are more, so (A) is incorrect. In the second paragraph,
the author worries that the prominence of the dates will draw too much
attention, so eliminate (B). In the first paragraph, the author says, “[d]espite
their usefulness in allowing students to gain a cursory knowledge … ” In
other words, timelines have some positive uses; cross off (C). As for (E), the
third criticism is that the events appear to have occurred completely
independently of one another; the author believes, then, that showing how
some events affected or influenced others would be beneficial.
26.
(B).
In the last paragraph, a listed implicit flaw is that the events are
presented as independent—without context, which matches choice (B). The
passage mentions the prominent placement of timelines, choice (A), and use
of photos, choice (E), but does not suggest that these are problems. Choice
(C) is false, as the passage states that these timelines had beginnings and ends.
Regarding (D), the author does not challenge the factual accuracy of
timelines.
27.
(C).
“Myopic” means nearsighted, and the author employs it to describe
the inability of some curricula to show the big picture. Similarly, “purblind,”
choice (C), means “partially blind or deficient in understanding.” Choices
(A), (B), and (D) are not justified by evidence from the passage. Ignorance
and bigotry are not mentioned as problems. “Astigmatic” indicates visual
distortion, but the passage spoke of missing elements. “Mordant,” meaning
caustic or corrosive, has no connection to the passage.
28.
(A).
The second paragraph further describes “the blooming of the public
sphere,” one of the two factors named in the first paragraph. It details how
literacy and printing allowed gossip to circulate more widely, describing “the
mechanisms by which disdain … grew,” choice (A). Choice (B) is incorrect
because the passage does not contrast the
factors (the second paragraph does not even mention the Diamond Necklace
Affair). Choice (C) is out of scope and irrelevant as the passage is about
Marie Antoinette’s unpopularity, not the court or corruption. Choice (D) is
incorrect; the last paragraph discusses the results. Choice (E), while arguably
the main point of the passage, goes beyond that of the second paragraph,
which does not discuss consequences.
29.
(C).
The fourth paragraph mentions “countless aristocrats who sued to the
king on Rohan’s behalf,” so it must be true that a significant proportion was
more loyal to the accused, which matches (C). Nothing in the passage refers
to jealousy and nothing imputes that the queen’s wealth was the cause of the
aristocrats’ dislike, so (A) can be eliminated. Choice (B) does not have to
follow; the passage only says pamphlets were popular with the general public.
Similarly, the passage does not provide literacy rates so (D) is out. The
Revolution is not mentioned, so choice (E) is out of scope.
30.
(D).
This Detail question concerns the second paragraph, which cites a
reduction in royal censorship as a cause. Choice (D) is therefore correct.
Choice (A) is out of scope; the education of women is never mentioned.
Choice (B) is a distortion; the passage says publications, not the literacy rate,
tripled. Choice (C) is incorrect, as the passage does not discuss the number of
scandals over time. Choice (E) is not mentioned in the passage.
31.
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