Querin, Goebl, Impact of Logistics on Customer Service JALM, 2017, Volume 5 Two interconnected concepts need to be taken in consid-
eration to identify the overall importance of Customer
Service: customer expectations and customer satisfac-
tion. Their interaction results in customer retention.
The most influential factor of satisfaction is represented
by the confirmation of the original expectations. In the
overall purchase process, customer expectations are then
crucial, as they contribute in defining the overall out-
come. They are seen as a form of customer expectation
on the overall purchase experience or as a customer de-
sire on the incoming transaction.
Customer Satisfaction is generally defined as the overall
perception of the quality of the overall service. While the
non-fulfillment of a basic expectation can trigger a dis-
satisfaction, however, its fulfillment does not necessarily
produce satisfaction. External factors can still impact the
overall satisfaction, but a high Customer Satisfaction
level generally results in a lower amount of complaints
and a higher customer retention. (Wirtz & Lovelock,
2016).
This attention towards the satisfaction of customers
evolved in the concept of Customer Delight. Basic fun-
dament of this idea is that customers should always be
delighted by the purchase experience; this feeling should
be reached by always leaving positive memories of the
purchase itself (Oliver, Rust, & Varki, 1997; Mittal &
Kamakura, 2001; S.C. Chen, 2012; Berman, 2005).
To do so, companies spent efforts in increasing customer
satisfaction, starting from offering a much higher amount
of information to support the choice. However, this con-
stant increase of offers by companies to increase the sat-
isfaction also produced the effect that delight became
simply expected by some customers.
Therefore, some companies started to offer honest, accu-
rate and complete information over products, even when
that may come from a competitor. Evolutionary to the
concept of customer delight, this is defined “Customer
Advocacy”, which aims at creating a mutual dialogue and
a partnership with the customers to establish a feeling of
loyalty and trust (Urban, 2005).
Logistics services seem to heavily contribute to the over-
all satisfaction for purchases. The availability of a prod-
uct and its delivery times, the returns and warranty con-
ditions are crucial aspects of customer service. This
therefore affects the inventory management as well as the
criteria of the distribution. Some authors even name that
Logistics will be the new marketing (Göbl &
Froschmayer, 2011).
Due to its link to the personal experiences, Customer Sat-
isfaction is not easy to measure. Subjectivity is signifi-
cant, and the variables involved complicate the overall
picture. It was difficult to identify the impact of specific
factors to the overall satisfaction. The response time from
Customer Service has been identified as a potential hy-
giene factor – a faster reply should produce a higher sat-
isfaction rate (van Riel, Liljander, Lemmink, &
Streukens, 2004).