Art in Uzbekistan Plan

§ Must and have to
 below); 

do
; see 
do
-support. 

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For more general information about English verb inflection and auxiliary usage, 
see English verbs and English clause syntax. For details of the uses of the 
particular modals, see § Usage of specific verbs below. 
The modals 
can
and 
could
are from Old English 
can(n)
and 
cuþ
, which were 
respectively present and preterite forms of the verb 
cunnan
 ("to be able"). The 
silent 
l
in the spelling of 
could
results from analogy with 
would
and 
should
. 
Similarly, 
may
and 
might
are from Old English 
mæg
and 
meahte
, respectively 
present and preterite forms of 
magan
 ("may, to be able"); 
shall
and 
should
are 
from 
sceal
and 
sceolde
, respectively present and preterite forms of 
sculan
 ("to owe, 
be obliged"); and 
will
and 
would
are from 
wille
and 
wolde
, respectively present and 
preterite forms of 
willan
 ("to wish, want"). 
The 
aforementioned 
Old 
English 
verbs 
cunnan
, 
magan
, 
sculan
, 
and 
willan
followed the preterite-present paradigm (or, in the case of 
willan
, a 
similar but irregular paradigm), which explains the absence of the ending 
-s
in the 
third person on the present forms 
can
, 
may
, 
shall
, and 
will
. (The original Old 
English forms given above were first and third person singular forms; their 
descendant forms became generalized to all persons and numbers.) 
The verb 
must
comes from Old English 
moste
, part of the verb 
motan
 ("to be able 
to, be obliged to"). This was another preterite-present verb, of which 
moste
was in 
fact the preterite (the present form 
mot
gave rise to 
mote
, which was used as a 
modal verb in Early Modern English; but 
must
has now lost its past connotations 
and has replaced 
mote
). Similarly, 
ought
was originally a past form—it derives 
from 
ahte
, preterite of 
agan
 ("to own"), another Old English preterite-present verb, 
whose 
present 
tense 
form 
ah
has also 
given the 
modern 
(regular) 
verb 
owe
(and 
ought
was formerly used as a past tense of 
owe
). 
The verb 
dare
also originates from a preterite-present verb, 
durran
("to dare"), 
specifically its present tense 
dear(r)
, although in its non-modal uses in Modern 
English it is conjugated regularly. However, 
need
comes from the regular Old 
English verb 
neodian
(meaning "to be necessary")—the alternative third person 
form 
need
(in place of 
needs
), which has become the norm in modal uses, became 
common in the 16th century. 

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