Bukhara state university faculty of history

Toprakkala, Karakalpakstan
It is located in the territory of Koykilgankala-Turtkul district, it is built in a circular shape, it is surrounded by a 86.5 m defensive wall and reinforced with 9 canopies. Kungurs are built much higher than the wall, not sideways. In the central part of the monument there is a two-storey building in the form of a cylinder (size 42 m). Astronomical observations were made at the monument, which later became a cemetery (many clay ossuaries were found.
Yanboshkala - located in the territory of Turtkul district, rectangular (200x170 m. 3.4 ha) surrounded on both sides by two rows of walls. First it was made of cotton, then on all four sides it was made of equal raw bricks (40x40x10 cm). The thickness of the lower part of the wall - 5 m, height 5-10 m. The gate has a rectangular corridor with a width of 5 m. There are no ridges on the wall and the gate wall, but there are spear-tipped tires in the style of chess, the space between them is 1.20-1.84 m, the width is 0.18-0.12 cm on the inside and on the outside 0.30-0.40 cm. At the corners of the walls are three tires, which point in different directions and serve as a kungur.
Khazarasp is the southern gateway to the Khorezm oasis and one of the oldest cities. The monument is built on a plain, the plan of which is equal on all four sides (10.8 ha), in ancient times it was surrounded by two rows of walls, between which passed a corridor with a width of 2.10 m. There is an arch (size 40x40 m) in the south-eastern corner of the city. There is still no single scientific opinion about the history of the construction of the monument, which is why archeological excava-tions have not been carried out to the most ancient cultural strata. In 1958–1960, the staff of the Khorezm Archaeological and Ethnographic Expedition, in 1997, 2000, and 2003, the staff of the Archaeological Group of the Khorezm Mamun Academy conducted research in several places in Khazarasp, but unfortunately this research was not completed. The walls and walls are preserved, the height varies from 5 to 14 m. The southern wall was demolished by the locals, with only one kungur preserved in the wall, and the kungurs preserved well in the western, northern, and eastern walls, with an interval of 10–55 m between them. The oldest cotton wall has been found in the interior of the north-western part, with a rectangular ridge. In the part of the mosque of the fortress, in the north-western part, in the western part, the defensive wall was cut. As a result, the construction history of the city dates back to BC. Allowed to mark with the VII century. In his speech at the International Symposium in Boston, the researcher K. Sobirov noted that the age of Khazarasp dates back to the VII-VI centuries BC. In short, it is necessary to carry out large-scale archeological excavations in the Khazarasp fortress to the point of untouched land, which is a matter of the future^16viii.