C# dasturlash tilida fayllar bilan ishlash

Fayl va kataloglar ustida amallar.

Bu bo’limda biz fayl va kataloglar ustida bajariladigan asosiy amallarni ko’rib chiqamiz. Bu uchun biz C# dasturlash tilida qaysi kutubxonadan foydalanamiz, qaysi sinflardan foydalanamiz va qaysi metodlardan foydalanamiz? har biriga alohida to’xtalib o’tamiz. C# dasturlash tilida fayl va kataloglar ustida amallar bajarish uchun juda ko’p sinflar yaratilgan va bu sinflarda fayl va kataloglar ustida amallar bajarish uchun juda ko’p metodlar mavjud. Mana shu metodlardan qanday qilib foydalanish jarayonini misollar orqali qarab chiqamiz.

Kataloglar ustida bajariladigan asosiy amallar System.IO.Directory sinfining metodlari orqali amalga oshiriladi.

1. 
   DirectoryInfo CreateDirectory(string nomi) – yangi katalog yaratish.
   
2. 
   void Move(string eski nom, string yangi nom)- katalog nomini o’zgar- tirish yoki katalogni ko’chirish.
   
3. 
   void Delete(string nom, bool x )- katalogni o’chirish, agar x parametrning qiymati true bo’lsa bu metod katalog ichidagi fayllar bilan birgalikda o’chiradi.
   
4. 
   bool Exists(stirng nom) – bu metod chin qiymat qaytaradi agar papka mavjud bo’lsa, aks holda yolg’on qiymat qaytaradi.
   

Endi yuqorida ko’rib o’tilgan metodlarni misollar orqali qarab chiqamiz.


1-misol. D diskda Salom nomli yangi papka yaratish. class Program {
static void Main(string[] args)

{

//d: diskda salom nomli papka yaratadi
System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(@"d:\\salom"); Console.WriteLine("salom");
Console.ReadKey();

} }

2. 
   misol. d:\aka papkasini c:\aka joyga ko’shirish. class Program {
   

static void Main(string[] args)

{

System.IO.Directory.Move(@"d:\\aka","c:\\aka"); Console.WriteLine("dastur ishladi"); Console.ReadKey();
} }

2. 
   misol. d:\aka papkasini o’chirish. class Program {
   

static void Main(string[] args)

{

bool a = System.IO.Directory.Exists(@"d:\\aka"); if (a) { System.IO.Directory.Delete(@"d:\\aka");
Console.WriteLine("d: diskdagi aka papkasi o'chirildi");
}

else Console.WriteLine("aka papkasi yo'q"); Console.ReadKey();

} }

2. 
   misol. d:\aka papkasini bor yo yo’qligini tekshirish. class Program {
   

static void Main(string[] args){

bool a=System.IO.Directory.Exists(@"d:\\aka");

if(a) Console.WriteLine("d: diskda aka papkasi bor"); else Console.WriteLine("d: diskda aka papkasi yo'q"); Console.ReadKey();

} }

2. 
   misol. d:\aka papkasini nomini o’zgartirish
   

Buning uchun ham papkani ko’chirish amalidan foydalanamiz. class Program {

static void Main(string[] args)

{

System.IO.Directory.Move(@"d:\\aka","d:\\aka1"); Console.WriteLine("dastur ishladi"); Console.ReadKey();
} }

Fayllarlar ustida bajariladigan asosiy amallar System.IO.FileInfo sinfining metodlari orqali amalga oshiriladi.

1. 
   bool Exists – fayl bor yoki yo’qligini tekshiradi.
   
2. 
   FileInfo CopyTo(string fayl nomi) – fayldan nusxa olish.
   
3. 
   FileStream Creat() – yangi fayl yaratish.
   
4. 
   StreamWriter CreatText() – matnli fayl yaratish.
   
5. 
   void Delete() – faylni o’chirish.
   
6. 
   void MoveTo(string fayl nomi)- faylni ko’chirish.
   

Endi yuqorida ko’rib o’tilgan metodlarni misollar orqali qarab chiqamiz.

1. 
   misol. Fayl bor yoki yo’qligini tekshirish. class Program {
   

static void Main(string[] args)

{

System.IO.FileInfo a = new System.IO.FileInfo(@"d:\\БМИ.doc"); bool x = a.Exists;
if (x) Console.WriteLine("d: diskda БМИ.doc fayli bor"); else Console.WriteLine("d: diskda БМИ.doc fayli yo'q"); Console.ReadKey();
} }

2. 
   misol. Fayldan nusxa olish. class Program {
   

static void Main(string[] args)
{

//salom.txt faylini d: diskdan c: diskga nusxalaydi System.IO.FileInfo a = new System.IO.FileInfo(@"d:\\salom.txt"); a.CopyTo(@"c:\\salom.txt");

Console.WriteLine("salom.txt faylini d: diskdan c: diskga nusxaladi"); Console.ReadKey();
} }

3. 
   misol. Yangi fayl yaratish. class Program {
   

static void Main(string[] args)

{

//d diskda salom.doc faylini yaratadi FileStream a = File.Create(@"d:\\salom.doc");
Console.WriteLine("d diskda salom.doc faylini yaratdi"); Console.ReadKey();
} }

4. 
   misol. Matnli fayl yaratish. class Program {
   

static void Main(string[] args)

{
//"d diskda salom.txt matnli fayl yaratiladi" StreamWriter a = File.CreateText("d:\\salom.txt");

a.WriteLine("salom aka"); //"salom aka" matnni salom.txt fayliga yozadi a.Close(); //yozishni tugatish
Console.WriteLine("d diskda salom.txt matnli fayl yaratildi"); Console.ReadKey();
} }

5. 
   misol. Berilgan faylni o’chirish. class Program {
   

static void Main(string[] args)

{

//d diskdagi ko'rsatilgan faylni o'chiradi FileInfo a = new FileInfo("d:\\salom.doc"); a.Delete();
Console.WriteLine("fayl o'chirildi"); Console.ReadKey();
} }

6. 
   misol. Berilgan faylni ko’chirish. class Program {
   

static void Main(string[] args) {
System.IO.FileInfo X = new System.IO.FileInfo(@"d:\\kitoblar\\Milliy g'oya\\12.docx");

10. 
    MoveTo("d:\\14.docx"); Console.ReadKey();
    

} }

3.