Contents: Introduction Chapter I theoretical foundations of teaching speaking to pupils of junior form

Discussion
Discussion can be difined as a learning activity which encourage the students to express their ideas, opinions and questions to their classmate or teachers. Mayuni (1995) says that discussion is a method of solving problems about a selected topic. This activity aims to make the students able to work in a team, improving their interpersonal skills and independence. There are some advantages of doing discussion in the classroom. First, this activity can emphasis on learning instead of teaching. Second, it can make the students participate fully. Next, it can make the students cooperate one another. Fourth, it can improve students critical thinking skills. Fifth, it will provide the students with ample opportunity for training self expression. Finally,it can make the teaching and learning process more interesting.
According to Harmer ( 2007: 128) there are several kinds of discussion which can be applied in the classroom.
1. Buzz group It is a small group discussion which consist of 4 untill 5 students.
2. Whole class discussion In this discussion, the teacher can divide the students into two teams where each of team give their opinions about the topic.
3. Panel discussion It is also a small group discussion which consist of 3-6 students and lead by one mederator then the teacher ask them to sit in a panel to discuss the topic.
Teaching Speaking
Teaching speaking can be defined as interactions of oral communication between teachers and students in the classroom. Kayi (2006) says that teaching speaking has some functions to the students :
1. Teach the students to produce the English speech sounds and sound patterns.
2. Use word and sentence stress and intonation patterns and the rhythm of the second language.
3. Select appropriate words and sentences according to the proper social setting, audience, situation and subject matter.
4. Organize their thoughts in a meaningful and logical sequence
5. Use language as a means of expressing values and judgments
6. Use the language quickly and confident with few unnatural pauses.
The aim of teaching speaking in the classroom is to maintain students’ ability to speak well and to improve their ability in oral communication. According to Harmer (2001) the aim of teaching speaking is to train students for communication. To do that, the teacher should be able to develop activities which promote students to use language in real communication. Moreover, Wenxia (2008) says that the teacher should think, when teaching, not only about presenting language in a certain situation, but also as a communicative act. Learning to speak in English will be easier when learners are actively engaged in attempting to communicate. There are some principles that should be considered by the teacher in teaching speaking. Brown (1994:275) mentions some principles that should be followed by the teacher in speaking skill.
First, use techniques that cover the spectrum of learner needs, from language based focus on accuracy to message-based focus on interaction, meaning and fluency.
Second, provide intrinsically motivating techniques.
Third, encourage the use of authentic language in meaningful contexts.