2. Reflect on the problem
The researcher has to reflect on the significance of the problem and its relevance to the
study.
3. Define the problem as a specific research problem
An initial review of the literature should enable the researcher to begin developing a frame
of
reference for the research, formulating conceptual and operational
definitions of key
concepts, identifying the significance of the research problem and crystallising in specific
terms the research topic for the research problem.
4. Undertake an intensive literature review
The purpose is to attain a deep understanding of the problem at hand and its context.
Further, it is necessary to create a concise, critical and evaluative summary of previous
research literature on the research topic. The researcher must now to undertake an
intensive literature review. This will help to gather ideas
for the literature design, data
collection, data analysis instruments and techniques.
5. Select the research methodology
The researcher has to begin to formulate one or more hypotheses, research questions and
research objectives, decide on the type of data needed, and select the data collection and
data analysis strategies. It is therefore necessary to select the research methodology to
gather decisions about the research paradigm, research approach and research method.
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