CHAPTER FIVE: DATA COLLECTION
Outcomes
By the end of the chapter, the learner will be able to:
• Identify the different primary and secondary data collection strategies
• Explain the appropriate use of questionnaires as
data collection instruments
• Define the terms validity and reliability
• Classify and explain the purpose and types of research interview
• Describe the types of observations
and their use in research
• Explain data collection procedure in ethnographic studies and case studies
• Discuss the concept of triangulation and its relevance to good research design.
INTRODUCTION
The entire research planning, design and literature review processes converge at the data
collection stage. All the critical thinking is a preparation for the actual process of collecting
primary data on the topic of the research. Additionally, the researcher must also have the
data analysis plan established before planning data collection and data analysis requires
clarity about:
• The format of the research instruments
The analyst must guarantee that all classifications of information necessary to examine
the objectives are incorporated. In addition, there must be clarity about all aspects that the
research instrument(s)
need to analyse, how qualitative and quantitative items will be
handled and analysed during the data analysis stage.
• Identify appropriate statistical technique
The researcher must have a full grasp of the particular statistical strategies that will be
used to examine each segment of the exploration instruments. Should inferential statistics
be
required, the researcher must make sure they understand the procedures and the
translation of the significant measurements.
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