Developing Public speaking skills of undergraduate senior students for academic purposes

Research ethics:
In all communications related to science, we strive for honesty. We report all information truthfully, including data, findings, techniques, and publication history not making up, fraudulently reporting, or manufacturing data. We don’t mislead peers, funders of the project or members of the public avoiding bias in all areas of research where objectivity is anticipated or required, including experimental design, data analysis, data interpretation, hiring choices, grant writing, expert testimony, and peer review. We prevent or reduce discrimination and self-deception and declare any financial or personal interests that could influence research.

Research methodology and procedures (max. 15 pages including references):
Natural and man-made sources can both contribute to air pollution. The windblown dust, dirt, and sand, as well as volcanic smoke and burning materials, are examples of natural sources. The main causes of air pollution in cities tend to be man-made sources, which are naturally more susceptible to control. Man-made sources are pollutants caused by human activity. Various combustion processes, such as those used in gas-powered transportation and industrial facilities. Industrial pollution comes from places like industrial plants, mines, and oil refineries, as well as coal power plants and boilers used to generate heat and electricity. Nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrogen sulphide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter are all produced as a result of industrial activity and are major worldwide contributors to ozone and pollution. The extensive use of fertilizers on agricultural land is a major source of fine-particulate air pollution. According to a research published in Geophysical Research Letters, throughout the majority of the United States, Europe, Russia, and China, agriculture pollution outweighs all other man-made sources of PM. [1] Transport-related air pollution largely relates to the burning of fuel in motor vehicles, including automobiles, trucks, trains, airplanes, and ships. Elevated levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone, and nitrogen dioxide(NO2) are largely caused by transportation emissions .
It's crucial to develop and put into practice unique, innovative air quality improvement strategies, especially in metropolitan areas with heavy traffic and industrial infrastructure. Thus, variety of innovative strategies have been created to address the high amounts of air pollution in cities. To evaluate and provide a solution for Uzbekistan, the strategies of the US and Europe are examined. Air emissions monitoring systems in United States
Two fundamental forms of monitoring serve two distinct purposes in relation to the US Environmental Protection Agency's air quality regulation requirements [2]:
1.Ambient Air Quality Monitoring collects and measures samples of ambient air pollutants to evaluate the status of the atmosphere as compared to clean air standards and historical information; The ambient air quality of a place and the emissions levels picked up by ambient monitoring are directly impacted by the emission levels of stationary sources and the monitoring carried out by those sources. In relation to the NAAQS, EPA conducts various monitoring programs for ambient air quality. The most fundamental is the Ambient Air Monitoring Program, which gathers data on the criteria pollutants lead (Pb), sulfur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), oxides of nitrogen (NO2 and NO3), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and others. Particulate matter (PM) includes both particulates with aerodynamic diameters below 10 micrometers (PM-10) and particulates with aerodynamic diameters below 2.5 micrometers (PM-2.5) (VOC). EPA oversees and provides direction for the program, which is run by State and local air pollution control agencies and the EPA. There are other more EPA initiatives that use data on the local, tribal, state, regional, and national levels of air quality.
2.Stationary Source Emissions Monitoring collects and uses measurement data (or other information) at individual stationary sources of emissions (i.e., facilities, manufacturing plants, processes, emissions control device performance, or to verify work practices). The goals of monitoring stationary source emissions are to 1) provide data and information from a regulated stationary source (facility) to demonstrate compliance with specific regulatory requirements, and 2) provide performance information to the facility operator so that corrective action can be taken, as needed. As a result of regulations, applicable requirements (such as emission limitations, work practice specifications, equipment design specifications, and operational requirements) may call for periodic or ongoing monitoring of permit terms or conditions. In general, stationary source emissions monitoring is composed of four elements, including 1) indicator(s) of performance, 2) measurement techniques, 3) monitoring frequency, and 4) averaging time. Here is an explanation of these components:
The parameter(s) measured or observed for proving: (a) proper functioning of the air pollution control measures, or (b) compliance with the relevant emissions restriction or standard are known as an indicator(s) of performance.

Measurement techniques are the tools used to collect and record data from or about performance indicators. The detector type, installation requirements, inspection protocols, and quality assurance and quality control mechanisms are all parts of measurement techniques. Continuous parametric monitoring systems (CPMS), continuous opacity monitoring systems (COMS), continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS), and manual inspections that involve documenting process conditions or work procedures are a few examples of measurement techniques. Monitoring frequency - the number of times monitoring data are obtained and recorded over a specified time interval. Averaging time - the period over which data are averaged and used to verify the proper operation of the pollution control approach or compliance with the emissions limitation or standard. Examples of averaging time include a 3-hour average in units of the emissions limitation, a 30-day rolling average emissions value, a daily average of a control device operational parametric range, and an instantaneous alarm. [8]