Development of novel plastic scintillators based on polyvinyltoluene for the hybrid j-pet/mr tomograph

List of abbreviations 
 
PET - Positron Emission Tomography 
MRI - Magnetic Resonance Imaging 
LOR - Line of Response 
BGO - BiGe
3
O
12
LSO:Ce - Lu
2
SiO
5
:Ce
3+
LYSO:Ce - (Lu,Y)
2
SiO
5
:Ce
3+ 
GSO - Gd
2
SiO
5
:Ce
3+
PM - photomultiplier 
CT - Computed Tomography 
SiPM - silicon photomultiplier 
WLS - wavelength shifter 
PVT - polyvinyltoluene 
PS - polystyrene 
PTP - p-terphenyl 
PPO - 2,5 -diphenyloxazole 
PPD - 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole 
BBD - 2,5-bis(4-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol 
PBD - 2-phenyl-5(4-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole 
BPBD - 2-(4-tert-buthylphenyl)-5-(4-biphenylo)-1,3,4-oxazdiazole 
POPOP - 1,4-bis(5-phenyl-2-oxazolyl)benzen 
DM-POPOP - 1,4-bis(4-methyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazolyl)benzene 
Bis-MSB - 1,4-bis(2-methylostyryl)benzene 
BBO - 2,5-di(4-biphenylo)oxazole 
DPS - trans-4,4'-diphenylstilbene 
DPA - 9,10-diphenylanthracene 
PALS - Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 
DSC - Differential Scanning Calorimetry 
DMAPOP - 2-(4'-
N,N
-dimethylaminophenyl)oxazolo[4,5-
b
]pirydyne 
PPA - polyphosphoric acid 

---

79 
TLC - Thin Layer Chromatography 
P(OEt)
3
- triethylphosphine 
TTS - Transit Time Spread 
T
g
- glass transition temperature 
p-Ps - para-positronium 
o-Ps - ortho-positronium 
τ
3
- o-Ps lifetime 
I
3
- o-Ps intensity 

---

80 
Acknowledgements 
I would like to express my special appreciation and thanks to prof. Paweł Moskal 
and dr Andrzej Kochanowski for supervising the thesis, valuable advices and all 
opportunities I was given to carry out my research and my dissertation. 
I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Scientific Council and all Professors
of Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków, 
for the opportunity of realization Ph. D. studies and all kindness I have experienced.
I warmly thank members of J-PET collaboration for their great help in hundreds of 
hours of measurements, data analysis, scientific discussions and nice atmosphere during 
everyday meetings. Especially I am grateful to mgr Szymon Niedźwiecki for preparation 
of software for charge spectra analysis, to mgr Kamil Dulski for calculations of parameters 
describing timing properties of scintillators, to mgr Neha Gupta Sharma for calculating 
average signals appearing in scintillators. Special thanks go to dr Bartosz Głowacz for 
organizing an access to the chemical laboratory of Atomic Optics Department, cooperation 
in designing reactors and in scintillators strips development, and to dr inż. Marcin Zieliński 
for help with conceptual work and preparation of scientific projects. I also thank
mr Wojciech Migdał for mechanical machining of scintillators. 
I am sincerely grateful to dr hab. Monika Marzec and mgr Jakub Fitas for the 
opportunity of conducting DSC measurements and help with them. 
I would also like to thank Members of Research Group from Maria Skłodowska - 
Curie University in Lublin, especially prof. Bożena Jasińska and dr Bożena Zgardzińska 
for the opportunity of conducting PALS measurements, wonderful cooperation, valuable 
comments and suggestions. 
I gratefully acknowledge dr hab. Andrzej Danel and the research group for 
cooperation on a new scintillation additive.
Words cannot express how grateful I am to my dear Friends and Colleagues who
I have known from years and who I have met during my Ph. D. studies. Thank you for 
Your great support and making last four years an excellent time. 
And finally, my sincere thanks go to my Parents for Their endless love
and encouragement. I would like to thank Michał for the supporting serenity. Also I thank 
Julia and Natalia for positive energy. 

---

81