Doing Economics
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Grant proposals ; Grants disclosure rules, 103 , 112 estimation of amount required, 104–107 internal versus external, 103–104 , 103n3 , 109–110 location of sources of, 107–108 open access publication and, 99 uture tense, 14 Gap year, 153–154 Gastelum, J. B., 161 Gender norms, 165 Gender variables, 13 General journals definition, 33n14 reviewers for, 129 submissions to, 34–35 , 70–72 , 76 General-science journals article structure for, 37 , 113 submissions to, 37 , 58 , 65 , 67 , 69 , 72–73 titles of articles for, 27 Gerber, A. S., 10 Ghosh, A., 13n4 Gibson, William, 2 Giné, Xavier, 138 Gitter, Seth, 155–156 Gitter, Seth R., 11–12 , 155–156 Giving talks conference presentations, 48–53 invited seminars, 39–45 job talks, 46–47 keynote addresses, 57 for lay audiences, 54–57 lightning talks, 53 outreach talks, 55–57 policy or business talks, 55 poster presentations, 54 practice for, 57–59 Glass, Ira, 86–87 Glennerster, R., 10 Glewwe, Paul W., 10 Global Environmental Change, 67 Governance, as faculty’s role, 121–122 Government agencies, as grant source, 103 , 108 Graduate admissions committees, 124 Graduate placement directors/officers, 124 , 161 Graduate programs, completion rate, 160 Graduate Records Examinations (GREs), 164 Graduate students ABD (all but dissertation) status, 158–159 advising, 156–164 as coauthors, 162–163 consulting by, 160 mental well-being, 161 Grant proposals, 107 , 108–117 budget, 109 , 116–117 , 116n12 , 118 , 118f CfP (call for papers), 108 , 109 , 111 , 113 , 115 deadlines, 108 , 110 , 111 decision on, 110–111 documentation for, 109–110 institutional review board approval, 117 , 119–120 introduction and motivations, 113–114 pre-proposal stages, 108–109 project anticipated outputs, 115 project timeline, 115 review of, 112–114 , 133–135 RfA (request for applications), 108 RfP (request for proposals), 108 , 109 , 111 , 113 , 114 rough sketch of, 113–115 successful, preparation of, 113–117 Grants, 3 , 101 alternatives, 106 application for, 102 based on institutional categorization, 101–102 as contracts, 104–105 costs versus benefits, 105 estimation of required amount, 104–107 final report and deliverables, 112 indirect cost recovery (ICR) on, 103–104 , 104n4 as inputs versus outputs, 103–104 , 105 management of, 105 , 105n5 , 106–107 periodic progress reports on, 111–112 sources, 102–103 sponsored project life cycle, 108–113 Grantsmanship, 103–104 Great Recession, 75 Green, D. P., 10 Green, J. R., 169 Greene, Bill, 163 Grosh, M., 10 Haider, S. J., 16 Hamermesh, D., 160 Hansen, C. B., 17 Harris, D., 163 Head, Keith, 27–30 , 31 , 32 , 41 Health economics, grant sources, 102–103 Health Services Research, 67 Heavlin, W. D., 73n9 Heteroskedasticity, 16 Histograms, 13 Holiday, Ryan, 46 Holton, G., 90n20 How to Read a Book (Adler), 6 Huber-Sandwich-White correction, 15 Hughes, C., 163 Human resource management skills, 106–107 Human subjects research, 117 , 119–120 , 119n16 Hybrid format, of seminars and conference presentations, 52–53 Hypothesis, 8–9 tests of, 9 , 16 , 80 dentification causal, 16–17 , 18–19 , 20 , 26 , 55 definition, 16 , 94 variables for, 13 , 146n11 dentification strategy subsection, 14–15 , 16–19 , 29 , 43–44 , 49 , 51 , 55 , 79 , 88–89 mbens, G., 16 , 93 mpact factors, 65 , 65n3 , 68 , 68n6 , 143 See also Citation counts nclusion, 148–150 ndex insurance, 138 ndustrial organization economics, 33 , 102 nference, 15 , 16 , 20 , 24 , 94 nstitutional review boards (IRBs), 117–120 , 117n14 nterdisciplinary journals, 67 , 68 , 69 nterdisciplinary research, 55 nternal validity, 10 , 26 , 29 , 35 , 54–55 , 68 , 75 limitations, 22–23 SUTVA violations and, 18 nternational Economic Review, 137n9 nternational Initiative for Impact Evaluations, 75 nternational organizations, as funding source, 103 ntroduction, 6 , 7 , 92 , 98 antecedents section, 28 as bait-and-switch, 30 for conference presentations, 49 for general-science journal articles, 37 to grant proposals, 113–114 Head’s formula for, 27–30 , 31 , 32 , 41 the “hook,” 28 for invited seminars, 41 , 43 research question statement, 28 revisions, 92 roadmap section, 29 , 31 , 41 structure, 27–31 value-added section, 29 , 30 , 31 nvited seminars, 39–45 appendices, 42 , 44 , 45 concluding remarks, 44–45 dialogue during, 39 , 40 , 45 distinguished from conference presentations, 48 , 50 duration, 40 introduction, 41 , 43 invitations to present, 45 results and discussion, 44 structure, 41–45 summary, 44–45 title, 41 abobellis v. Ohio, 26–27 ob interviews, 69 , 114 , 161 job talks and, 46–47 for senior positions, 47 ob market, 158 , 161 changing nature of, 2 , 46 research publications and, 10 , 63–64 ob talks, 46–47 , 161 ohn Bates Clark Medal, 1 ohnson, S., 28 , 143 oint tests, 13n4 ournal(s) See also titles of individual journals acceptance rate, 70 author processing charges (APCs), 65n3 bibliographic databases, 65n3 edited volumes, 125 , 125n4 Elsevier, 75n11 funding disclosure rules, 103 impact factors, 65 , 65n3 , 68 , 68n6 , 143 open access, 99 predatory, 65–66 , 65n3 , 66n4 , 86n17 , 139 quality ranking, 66–67 requests or inquiries from, 66 special issue, 125 title page, 73–74 top-five, 34–35 , 35n15 , 64 , 70–71 , 78 , 97n25 , 168 , 169 writing for specific journals, 33–35 ournal articles See also Editors ; Peer-review process ; Reviewers ; Submission, of journal articles acceptance rate, 70 author ethics for, 100 as basis for professional reputation, 61 citation counts, 31–32 , 34–35 , 68 , 68n6 , 97 , 97n25 , 98 , 99 , 132 , 145 citations in, 78–80 , 94–95 coauthors, 9–10 , 73 , 80 , 81n13 , 88 , 104 , 110–111 , 130 , 138 code and data for, 75 credibility, 75 disclosures, 75 “double-dipping” practice, 132–133 formatting, 69–70 , 72 galley proofs, 96 general interest criterion, 71 highlights, 75–76 , 75n11 manuscript, 74 online publication, 86 preprints, 98 , 98n26 publicizing after publication, 96–100 search engine optimization (SEO), 98 self-plagiarism, 100 , 111 , 132–133 title page, 73–74 , 98 , 131 transparency and replicability, 75 ournal of Business & Economics Statistics, 77 ournal of Development Economics, 33–34 , 68 , 70 ournal of Econometrics, 77 ournal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 80n12 ournal of Economic Growth, 80n12 ournal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes, 78 ournal of Health Economics, 70 ournal of Human Resources, 80n12 ournal of Labor Economics, 33–34 ournal of Monetary Economics, 68 ournal of Money, Credit and Banking, 68 ournal of Political Economy, 35n15 ournal of Public Economics, 67 ust, D. R., 117 Kernel density estimates, 13 Keynote addresses, 57 King, G., 75 Kleemans, M., 72n8 Krugman, Paul, 34 Lab-in-the-field experiments, 23 , 23n10 Laboratory experiments, 44 abour Economics, 33–34 Lagged endogenous variables, 146n11 Lamott, Anne, 36 Lay audiences, giving talks for, 54–57 multidisciplinary research talks, 54–55 Lee, Y. N., 106 , 117 , 118 Legal liability, for outreach or consulting, 56–57 Leijonhufvud, A., 1 Letchford, A., 27 , 97 Letters of recommendation, 158 , 162 Lewbel, A., 16 LGBTQ+ community, 149 Lightning talks, 53 Literature reviews, 28 , 32 , 162 mini, 32 , 49 revisions, 92 Macroeconomics, research paper structure, 30–31 Making of an Economist, Redux, The Colander), 152 Mallory, George, 107 Manski, C. F., 76 Marie Curie Fellowships, 108 Martin, J., 167 Marx, Groucho, 66 Masaki, T., 146n11 Mas-Colell, A., 169 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Press, book proposal review process, 135 Master’s colleges or universities, 102 Master’s degree, goal of, 159 McCannon, B. C., 31 McKenzie, D., 19n8 , 145 McKenzie and Özler, 145 Means across treatment and control groups, 13n4 tables of, 11 Media appearances, 55–57 Media-relations offices, of universities, 99–100 Mediation analysis, 22 , 29 Mediocrity, 36 Melitz. Marc, 34 Mentoring definition, 151 distinguished from advising, 151 general principles, 152 incentives for, 151 post-graduation, 163 for underrepresented minorities, 149 for women, 149 Merit raises, 121 Methods section, 6 Miah, A., 147 Microeconomic theory, 165 , 169 Microeconomists, 68 Miguel, E., 18 , 75 , 165 Misogyny, 147 Moat, H. S., 27 , 97 Monetary economics, grant sources in, 103 Morgan, S. L., 12–13 , 24n11 Motivation section, of research papers, 30 , 31 , 37 , 51–52 , 53 , 92 , 113 , 132 Multidisciplinary research talks, 54–55 National Bureau of Economics Research (NBER), 71–72 National Institutes of Health (NIH) as grant source, 102 , 103 Public Access Policy (PAP), 99 National Science Foundation (NSF), as grant source, 102 , 103 , 116 Nature, 37 , 64 , 67 , 146 Nature Biotechnology, 161 Networking/networks, 89 of alumni, 154–155 for editorial services, 140 , 141 for grant proposals, 113 through invited seminars, 45 Never touch a piece of paper twice” rule, 130n6 , 142 New Institutional Economics, 81 New York Times, 56 Nobel Prize, in Economic Sciences, 1 Null findings, 21–22 Null hypothesis, 16 Nuremberg Code, 117 , 119 Observational data balance tests for, 11 , 13 number of (R2), 24 treatment variables, 20 Obstacle Is the Way, The (Holiday), 46 Ogden, T., 106 , 107 Online format journals, 86 seminars and conference presentations, 52–53 On the Road (Kerouac), 36n16 On Writing (King), 36 On Writing Well (Zinsser), 14n5 , 36 Open access, 99 Oster, E., 19 Output price risk, 137n9 Outreach talks, 55–57 Özler, B., 145 ain, E., 109 airwise comparisons, 11 , 13 , 13n4 arametric regression, 21 arramore, L., 163 ast tense, 13–14 earl, J., 17 eer-review process, 3 , 61–100 See also Reviewers ; Reviewing/refereeing ; Submission, of journal articles anonymity of, 62 , 73n9 , 76 appeals of rejection, 82 , 88–90 “double-blind,” 73–74 , 73n9 duration, 64 , 81–82 , 128 editorial decisions in, 82–86 gatekeeping function, 62–63 of general journals, 71 grant proposals as, 103–104 how to get good reviews, 76–80 rationale for, 61–63 “single-blind,” 73n9 , 79 epinsky, Tom, 146n11 ischke, J. S., 20 , 22 , 75 , 101 lacebo tests, for robustness, 20–21 lagiarism, 100 , 142–143 “hard,” 143 self-plagiarism, 100 , 143 “soft,” 143 lagiarism-detecting software, 142–143 PNAS. See Proceedings of the National Academy of Science oincaré, Henri, 90n20 olicy talks, 55 opulation sample, 10 oster presentations, 54 redictions out-of-sample, 10 testable, 9 , 10 , 49 , 107 reis, T., 27 , 97 resent tense, 13–14 , 14n5 rimitives in conference presentations, 49 in invited seminar presentations, 42 rincipal-agent models, 140 Proceedings of the National Academy of Science (PNAS), 27 , 37 , 64 , 65n3 , 67 , 80n12 rofessional associations, service activities for, 125–126 rogram directors, 123 romotion external review letters for, 68–69 grantsmanship and, 103 , 105 journal publications and, 66–67 , 70–71 teaching, research, and service requirements, 121 , 121n1 ublic goods, 127 ublic policy, effect of economics research on, 25–26 , 62–63 , 75 -values, 11 , 24 Quantitative Economics, 77 Quarterly Journal of Economics, 35n15 , 139 Question asking, by audiences, 40 , 59–60 Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 138 average treatment effect (ATE), 88–89 intention to treat (ITT), 88–89 treatment variables, 20 Readability score, 31 Reading inspectional, 6 , 6n1 , 98 relation to writing skills, 35–36 of research papers, 5–6 , 28 , 30 Refereeing. See Reviewing/refereeing References, 7 , 34 , 35 , 71 for grant proposals, 114 , 115 missing, 131 revision, 92 Research agenda, 47 blogging-enhanced, 144 design, causal identification and, 17 graduate, 160 indirect cost recovery (ICR) on, 104 periodic progress reports on, 111–112 undergraduate, 155–156 by underrepresented minorities, 149 , 150 by women, 149 , 150 Research economists, 2 Research funders, acknowledgments of, 73–74 , 103 , 112 Research papers See also Journal articles blogs about, 144–145 contributions of, 29 “determinants” of, 83 “double-dipping” practice, 132–133 first-year-qualifying, 64 , 158–159 inspectional reading of, 6 , 6n1 , 98 preliminary work on, 111 quality, 5–6 readability score, 31 real-world implications, 25–26 review of, 39 second- or third-year-qualifying, 64 , 158–159 Research questions, 169 of conference paper submissions, 134 frequently asked, 7 , 8 reviewers’ evaluation of, 135 single, 8 , 8n2 stated in grant proposals, 113–114 stated in the introduction, 28 , 31 Reservation wages, 66 Results ancillary, 44 presented in research paper title, 27 stated in research paper introduction, 31 Results and discussion section, 6 , 7 , 19–25 of conference presentations, 49–50 for general-science journal articles, 37 of invited seminar presentations, 42 , 44 limitations, 22–23 , 25 mechanisms, 22 , 22n9 order of results, 19–20 robustness checks, 19–20 , 29 tables, 23 , 25 Résumé. See Curriculum vitae (CV) Reviewers acknowledgment or compensation, 126–127 , 127n5 , 136 , 136n7 anonymity, 62 , 76 , 126–127 , 136 , 136n7 author’s preferences/suggestions regarding, 80–81 , 80n12 bias of, 79–80 of book proposals, 133–134 , 135 comments of, 90–94 , 129–130 , 131–132 , 134–135 of conference proposals, 133–134 cover letters from, 132–133 dialogue with, 39 ethics of, 136–139 of friends’/colleagues’ manuscripts, 133–134 , 135–136 , 137 of grant proposals, 112–113 , 116n12 , 133–135 rejection appeals and, 88–90 rejection recommendations, 83 , 132 , 133 , 137 , 138 , 139–140 relationship with authors, 133 , 136–137 relationship with editors, 141 , 142 Reviewers (cont.) selection of, 34 , 72–73 , 77–81 , 127–128 , 130 , 141 , 142 tone of, 76–77 “up-or-out”/”accept-or-reject” decisions, 134 Reviewing/refereeing how to decline, 128–129 , 138 how to structure and write reviews, 130–133 as service activity, 126–139 , 142 Review of Economic Studies, 35n15 Rewriting, 36 , 68 Roadmap section, 29 , 30 , 41 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 102–103 Robustness checks in appendices, 45 in introduction, 29 , 30 , 31 in journal articles, 51 , 111 , 144–145 , 158 in results and discussion section, 19–20 , 29 , 30 , 37 , 44 , 49–50 R1 universities, 67 , 67n5 , 101 advising at, 152 , 153 Rosalsky, G., 163 Rosenzweig, M. R., 5 Rossi, P. E., 17 R2 universities, 67n5 , 102 advising at, 153 Russell Sage Foundation, 103 Ryssdal, K., 163 ahm, Claudia, 30 , 31 alary consulting as adjunct to, 169 grant-funded, 108 , 109 , 109n10 , 114 , 116 , 118 merit raises, 151 ample size, 10 relation to control variables, 24–25 ánchez da la Sierra, R., 9n3 andmo, A., 137n9 cience, 27 , 64 , 67 , 68 , 80n12 earch engine optimization (SEO), 98 elf-plagiarism, 100 , 143 elf-promotion, social media use for, 145 , 146 , 147 eminars, 3 See also Invited seminars departmental brown-bag, 39–40 , 58 online and hybrid formats, 52–53 ervice, 3 , 121–150 , 169 definition, 121 departmental-level, 123 editorship of journals as, 139–143 external review letter considerations, 123 , 124 institutional versus professional, 125–126 by junior faculty, 121 , 122–124 reviewing/refereeing as, 126–139 , 142 social media as, 143–148 time required for, 123–124 by women or underrepresented minorities, 148–150 , 148n12 hea, A., 36n16 hea, C., 100 ilos, academic, 136–137 lides for conference presentations, 48–52 introduction formula for, 41 in invited seminar presentations, 41–42 for invited seminars, 40–42 for job talks, 46–47 for lightning talks, 53 one-slide-per-minute rule, 40 , 48 lutsky matrix, 169 mall liberal arts colleges (SLACs) advising and mentoring at, 152 , 154–155 undergraduate research at, 155 ocial media, 3 , 99 , 133 anonymous platforms, 147 guides to use, 147 online discussions on, 147 as professional service media engagement, 143–148 profile on, 147 okal, Alan, 31 olon, G., 16 table unit treatment value assumption (SUTVA) violations, 18 tandard deviation, tables of, 11 , 13 tandard errors, 23 tatistical endogeneity, 18 , 18n7 tatistical significance pairwise comparison, 13 symbols on tables, 24 , 24n12 taudt, J., 99 tewart, Potter, 26–27 tromberg, J., 65n2 tructure, of economics papers, 2–3 , 5–37 abstract, 31–32 background review, 32–33 data and descriptive statistics section, 10–14 empirical framework, 14–19 introduction, 27–31 literature review, 32 results and discussion section, 19–25 for specific journals, 33–35 structure of papers, 7–8 summary and concluding remarks, 25–26 theoretical framework, 8–10 titles, 26–27 writing for the right journal, 33–35 ubmission, of journal articles, 63–76 , 77–78 acceptance, 82 , 85–86 , 96 acceptance with minor revisions decisions, 85 appeals of editorial decisions, 88–90 conditional acceptance, 85 cover letters for, 72 , 73 , 80 to economics journals vs. other journals, 67–70 editorial decisions about, 81–86 electronic, 81 to general-science journals, 72–73 to general vs. field journals, 70–72 reject-and-resubmit decisions, 73 , 85 rejection, 73 , 74 , 77 , 81–82 , 83 , 86–90 , 131 revise-and-resubmit decisions, 84–85 , 84n16 , 90–95 , 91n21 , 93n22 , 95n23 , 130 , 131 , 133 , 139–140 revisions, 90–95 time to acceptance/rejection, 64 , 81–82 timing of, 63–65 transaction costs, 81 “up and out system,” 64–65 where to submit, 65–76 uccess, criteria for, 167–169 ummary and concluding remarks, 6 , 6n1 , 7 , 25–26 for conference presentations, 50 for invited seminars, 44–45 in reviews, 131 revisions, 92 uri, T., 1 , 5 urveys, 104n4 , 106 , 161 data, 10 grant funding for, 101 , 114 , 116 human subjects in, 117 , 119–120 methodology, 10 yllabi, 5–6 Taber, C. R., 19–20 Tables, 23–25 , 131 in conference presentations, 49–50 in invited seminar presentations, 43 statistical significance symbols on, 24 two-by-two, 13 Takavarasha, K., 10 Technical skills, 2 Tenses, 13–14 , 14n5 Tenure blogging and, 145 external review letters and, 68–69 grantsmanship and, 103 , 105 publications and, 66–67 , 70–71 Tenure (cont.) service activities and, 121n1 , 122–123 Tenured faculty, women and underrepresented minorities, 149 Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), 164 Texas Beef Group v. Winfrey, 56 , 56n8 The Economist, 35 Theoretical framework, 7 , 8–10 of conference presentations, 49 of grant proposals, 114 of invited seminar presentations, 42 revisions, 91–92 , 91n21 verbal versus mathematical, 9 Theoretical models, 9–10 , 91n21 Theory of change, 9 , 10 , 54 Thesis completion, 162 defense of, 159 readership, 162 Think tanks, 103 , 169 This American Life (radio show), 87 Thomson, W., 1 , 2 , 49 Thomson, William, A Guide for the Young Economist, 1 , 2 , 9 , 49 Thornton, R. L., 72n8 Title, 7 , 26–27 , 29–30 of applied economics papers, 26–27 citation counts and, 97 of conference presentations, 49 of empirical economics papers, 27 of invited seminar papers, 41 of tables, 23 Tobacman, J., 138 Tomkins, A., 73n9 Topalova, P., 138 Toxic culture, of the economics profession, 76 , 84n16 , 161 , 163–164 Transaction costs, 25 Treatment effect, controls and, 19 , 19n8 Treatment groups, pairwise comparisons, 11 , 13 Treatment heterogeneity, 21–22 , 26 Treisman, R., 119n16 Undergraduate students advising for, 153–156 research by, 155–156 Underrepresented minorities discrimination toward, 163 service activities, 148–150 , 148n12 Universities Carnegie Classification, 67n5 , 101–102 governance, 121–122 media-relations offices, 99–100 sponsored programs offices, 110 , 113 University of Minnesota, 145 Van Doren, C., 6 Variables categorical, 13 in conference presentations, 49 gender, 13 in invited seminar presentations, 43 kernel density estimates, 13 as proxies, 23 subscripts, 15 treatment, 11 , 17 , 20 Whinston, M. D., 169 Williamson, O. E., 81 , 121 Wilson, Rick, 147 Wind, Sand, and Stars (de Saint-Exupéry), 167 Winfrey, Oprah, 56 Winship, C., 12–13 , 24n11 Wolfers, J., 163 Women discrimination toward, 148–149 , 163 gender norms’ effects on, 165 Wooldridge, J. M., 16 , 93 , 163 Working papers, 69 , 70 , 98n26 , 99 , 158 “friendly reviews” of, 135–136 posted on blogs, 145 theoretical models, 10 typos in, 51 Workshops, 3 World Development, 67 , 68 Writing, of economics papers. See Structure, of economics papers Writing centers, 164–165 Writing skills, 35–37 blogging-enhanced, 144 Wu, A. H., 147 Xiao, Z., 13n4 Yang, Dean, 106 , 107 Zhang, M., 73n9 Zinsser, W. K., 14n5 , 36 Document Outline
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