189
Qeydl
ə
r
1.
“Pozulma” (disruption) və “dağıdıcı yenilik” (disruptive innovation)
terminləri biznes və idarəetmə strategiyası dairələrində geniş şəkildə müzakirə
olundu. Axırıncı dəfə də Klayton M. Kristensen [Clayton M. Christensen],
Mişel E. Raynor [Michael E. Raynor] və Rori Makdonaldın [Rory McDonald]
müəllifl əri olduğu “Dağıdıcı innovasiya nədir?” [
“What is Disruptive Innova-
tion?”
] adlı məqalədə müzakirə edildi (Harvard Business Review, December
2015). Professor Kristensen və həmkarlarının ifadələrlə bağlı narahatlıqlarına
hörmət etməklə yanaşı, mən bu terminləri bu kitabda daha geniş mənada isti-
fadə etdim.
2.
Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, Th
e Second Machine Age:
Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies, W.W. Nor-
ton & Company, 2014
3.
James Manyika and Michael Chui, “Digital Era Brings Hyperscale
Challenges”, Th
e Financial Times, 13 August, 2014.
4.
Dizayner və memar Neri Oksman [Neri Oxman] burada təsvir etdiyim
məsələ ilə bağlı yaxşı bir nümunədir. Onun araşdırma laboratoriyası hesablama
dizaynı, additiv istehsal, material mühəndisliyi və sintetik biologiyanın kəsişmə
nöqtəsində çalışır.
https://www.ted.com/talks/neri_oxman_design_at_the_intersection_of_
technology_and_biology
5.
Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael Osborne, Citi Research-ün araşdırma
dəstəyi ilə, “Technology at Work – Th
e Future of Innovation and Employment”,
Oxford Martin School and Citi, Feburary, 2015.
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http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/reports/Citi_GPS_Tech-
nology_Work.pdf
6.
David Isaiah, “Automotive grade graphene: the clock is ticking”, Auto-
motive World, 26 August, 2015.
http://www.automotiveworld.com/analysis/automotive-grade-graphene-c-
lock-ticking/
7. Sarah Laskow, “Th
e Strongest, Most Expensive Material on Earth”, Th
e
Atlantic,
http://www.theatlantic.com/technolog y/archive/2014/09/the-stron-
gest-most-expensive-material-onearth/380601/
8. Bəzi texnologiyalar bu mənbədə daha detallı təsvir edilir: Bernard Me-
yerson, “Top 10 Technologies of 2015”, Meta-Council on Emerging Techno-
logies, World Economic Forum, 4 March, 2015.
https://agenda.weforum.org/2015/03/top -10-emerging -techno -
logies-of-2015-2/
9. Tom Goodwin, “In the age of disintermediation the battle is all for the
consumer interface”, TechCrunch, March, 2015.
http://techcrunch.com/2015/03/03/in-the-age-of-disintermediati-
on-the-battle-is-all-for-the-customerinterface/
10. K.A. Wetterstrand, “DNA Sequencing Costs: Data from the NHGRI
Genome Sequencing Program (GSP)”, National Human Genome Research Ins-
titute, 2 October 2015.http://www.genome.gov/sequencingcosts/
11. Ariana Eunjung Cha, “Watson’s Next Feat? Taking on Cancer”, Th
e
Washington Post, 27 June 2015.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/national/2015/06/27/watsons-next-
feat-taking-on-cancer/
12. Jacob G. Foster, Andrey Rzhetsky və James A. Evans, “Tradition and
Innovation in Scientists’ Research Strategies”, American Sociological Review,
October, 2015, 80: 875-908,
http://www.knowledgelab.org/docs/1302.6906.pdf
13. Mike Ramsay and Douglas Cacmillan, “Carnegie Mellon Reels Aft er
Uber Lures Away Researchers”, Wall Street Journal, 31 May 2015,
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http://www.wsj.com/articles/is-uber-a-friend-or-foe-of-carnegie-mellon-
in-robotics-1433084582
14. World Economic Forum, Deep Shift – Technology Tipping Points
and Societal Impact, Survey Report, Global Agenda Council on the Future of
Soft ware and Society, September, 2015.
15. Araşdırma metodologiyası ilə bağlı daha detallı məlumat üçün bax:
bundan əvvəlki qeyddə təqdim edilən hesabat s. 4 və 39.
16. UK
Off ice of National Statistics, “Surviving to Age 100”, 11 Decem-
ber 2013,http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/lifetables/historic-and-projected-da-
ta-from-the-period-and-cohort-lifetables/2012-based/info-surviving-to-a-
ge-100.html
17. Th
e Conference Board, Productivity Brief 2015, Th
e Conference
Board məlumatlarına əsasən, qlobal əmək məhsuldarlığı üzrə 1996-2006-cı illər
aralığında orta göstərici 2,6%, 2013-cü ildə və 2014-cü ildə də 2,1% artmışdır.
https://www.conference-board.org/retrievefile.cfm?filename=Th
e-Confe-
rence-Board-2015-Productivity-Brief.pdf&type=subsite
18. United States Department of Labor, “Productivity change in the non-
farm
business sector, 1947-2014”, Bureau of Labor Statistics
http://www.bls.gov/lpc/prodybar.htm
19. United States Department of Labor, “Preliminary multifactor produ-
ctivity trends, 2014”, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 23 June, 2015.http://www.bls.
gov/news.release/prod3.nr0.htm
20. OECD,
“Th
e Future of Productivity”, July, 2015.http://www.oecd.
org/eco/growth/Th
e-future-ofproductivity-policy-note-July-2015.pdf
ABŞ-da aşağı enməkdə olan məhsuldarlıqla bağlı qısa bir müzakirə üçün,
bax: John Fernald and Bing Wang, “Th
e Recent Rise and Fall of Rapid Producti-
vity Growth”, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, 9 Feburary, 2015.
http://www.frbsf.org/economic-research/publications/economic-let-
ter/2015/february/economic-growthinformation-technology-factor-producti-
vity/
21. Th
e economist Brad DeLong makes this point in: J. Bradford DeLong,
“Making Do With More”, Project Syndicate, 26 February 2015.
DÖRDÜNCÜ S
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LABI
192
http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/abundance-without-li-
ving-standards-growth-by-j--bradford-delong-2015-02
22. John Maynard Keynes, “Economic Possibilities for our Grandchild-
ren” in Essays in Persuasion, Harcourt Brace, 1931.
23. Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael Osborne, “Th
e Future of Employ-
ment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation?”, Oxford Martin School,
Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology, University of Oxford, 17 Sep-
tember 2013.
http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/academic/Th
e_Future_of_
Employment.pdf
24. Shelley Podolny, “If an Algorithm Wrote Th
is, How Would You
Even Know?”, Th
e New York Times, 7 March, 2015.http://www.nytimes.
com/2015/03/08/opinion/sunday/if-an-algorithm-wrote-this-how-would-
you-evenknow.html?_r=0
25. Martin Ford, Rise of the Robots, Basic Books, 2015.
26. Daniel Pink, Free Agent Nation – Th
e Future of Working for Yourself,
Grand Central Publishing, 2001
27. Sitat: Farhad Manjoo, “Uber’s business model could change your
work”, Th
e New York Times, 28 January, 2015.
28. Sitat: Sarah O’Connor, “Th
e human cloud: A new world of work”, Th
e
Financial Times, 8 October, 2015.
29. Lynda Gratton, Th
e Shift : Th
e Future of Work is Already Here, Col-
lins, 2011
30. R. Buckminster Fuller and E.J. Applewhite, Synergetics: Explorations
in the Geometry of Th
inking, Macmillan, 1975.
31. Eric Knight, “Th
e Art of Corporate Endurance”, Harvard Business Re-
view, 2 Aprel, 2014, https://hbr.org/2014/04/the-art-of-corporate-endurance
32. VentureBeat, “WhatsApp now has 700M users, sending 30B messages
per day”, 6 January, 2015,
http://venturebeat.com/2015/01/06/whatsapp-now-has-700m-users-sen-
ding-30b-messages-per-day/
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33. Mitek and Zogby Analytics, Millennial Study 2014, September, 2014,
https://www.miteksystems.com/sites/default/files/Documents/zogby_final_
embargo_14_9_25.pdf
34. Gillian Wong, “Alibaba Tops Singles’ Day Sales Record Despite
Slowing China Economy”, Th
e Wall Street Journal, 11 November, 2015,http://
www.wsj.com/articles/alibaba-smashes-singles-day-salesrecord-1447234536
35. “Th
e Mobile Economy: Sub-Saharan Africa 2014”, GSM Association,
2014. http://www.gsmamobileeconomyafrica.com/GSMA_ME_SubSahara-
nAfrica_Web_Singles.pdf
36. Tencent, “Announcement of results for the three and nine months en-
ded 30 September 2015” http://www.tencent.com/en-us/content/ir/an/2015/
attachments/20151110.pdf
37. MIT,
“Th
e ups and downs of dynamic pricing”, innovation@work
Blog, MIT Sloan Executive Education, 31 October, 2014,http://executive.mit.
edu/blog/the-ups-and-downs-of-dynamic-pricing#.VG4yA_nF-bU
38. Giles Turner, “Cybersecurity Index Beat S&P500 by 120%. He-
re’s Why, in Charts”, Money Beat, Th
e Wall Street Journal, 9 September,
2015,http://blogs.wsj.com/moneybeat/2015/09/09/cybersecurity-index-be-
ats-sp-500-by-120-heres-why-incharts/
39. IBM, “Redefining Boundaries: Insights from the Global C-Suite
Study,” November, 2015. http://www-935.ibm.com/services/c-suite/study/
40. Global e-Sustainability Initiative and Th
e Boston Consulting Group,
Inc, “GeSI SMARTer 2020: Th
e Role of ICT in Driving a Sustainable Future”,
December 2012 http://gesi.org/SMARTer2020
41. Moisés Naím, Th
e End of Power: From Boardrooms to Battlefields
and Churches to States, Why Being in Charge Isn’t What It Used to Be, Basic
Books, 2013.
Kitab gücün sonunu 3 əsas inqilabla izah edir: “daha çox” inqilabı, mobillik
inqilabı və zehni inqilab. İnformasiya texnologiyasının rolunun həlledici oldu-
ğunu iddia edərkən təmkinli davranır, lakin daha çox, mobillik və zehnin rəqəm-
sal dövrə və yeni texnologiyaların yayılmasına çox şey borclu olduğu şübhəsizdir.
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42. Bu fikir burada inkişaf etdirilir: “Th
e Middle Kingdom Galapagos Is-
land Syndrome: Th
e Cul-De-Sac of Chinese Technology Standards”, Informati-
on Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF), 15 December, 2014,
http://www.itif.org/publications/2014/12/15/middle-kingdom-galapa-
gos-island-syndrome-cul-de-sacchinese-technology
43. “Innovation Union Scoreboard 2015”, European Commission, 2015.
http://ec.europa.eu/growth/industry/innovation/facts-figures/scoreboards/
files/ius-2015_en.pdf
Burada istifadə edilən ölçmə çərçivəsi əsasən üç növ indikator və səkkiz in-
novasiya səviyyəsini fərqləndirir və ümumilikdə 25 fərqli indikatoru sıralayır.
Mümkün edicilər şirkət xaricində innovasiya performansını sürətləndirən üç
əsas faktoru önə çıxarır və üç innovasiya ölçüsünü əhatə edir: insan resursları,
mükəmməl və cəlbedici açıq araşdırma sistemləri və maliyyə ilə dəstək. Şirkət
fəaliyyətləri, üç innovasiya ölçüsündə şirkət səviyyəsindəki innovasiya cəhdlərini
əhatə edirlər: şirkət investisiyaları, əlaqələr və sahibkarlıq və intellektual aktivlər.
Nəticələr, şirkətin innovasiya fəaliyyətlərinin iki innovasiya ölçüsündəki təsirlə-
rini əhatə edir: yenilikçilər və iqtisadi təsirlər.
44. World Economic Forum, Collaborative Innovation – Transforming
Business, Driving Growth, August, 2015.
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Collaborative_Innovation_re-
port_2015.pdf
45. World Economic Forum, Global Information Technology Report
2015: ICTs for Inclusive Growth, Soumitra Dutta, Th
ierry Geiger and Bruno
Lanvin, eds., 2015.
46. World Economic Forum, Data-Driven Development: Pathways for
Progress, January, 2015.
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEFUSA_DataDrivenDevelopment_
Report2015.pdf
47. Tom Saunders and Peter Baeck, “Rethinking Smart Cities From Th
e
Ground Up”, Nesta, June, 2015.
https://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/rethinking_smart_cities_
from_the_ground_up_2015.pdf
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48. Carolina Moreno, “Medellin, Colombia Named ‘Innovative City Of
Th
e Year’ In WSJ And Citi Global Competition”, Huff ington Post, 2 March,
2013.
http://www.huff ingtonpost.com/2013/03/02/medellin-named-innovati-
ve-city-of-theyear_n_2794425.html
49. World Economic Forum, Top Ten Urban Innovations, Global Agenda
Council on the Future of Cities, World Economic Forum, October, 2015.
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/Top_10_Emerging_Urban_Innovations_
report_2010_20.10.pdf
50. Alex Leveringhaus and Gilles Giacca, “Robo-Wars – Th
e Regulation
of Robotic Weapons”, Th
e Oxford Institute for Ethics, Law and Armed Confl ict,
Th
e Oxford Martin Programme on Human Rights for Future Generations, and
Th
e Oxford Martin School, 2014
http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/briefings/Robo-Wars.pdf
51. James Giordano quoted in Tom Requarth, “Th
is is Your Brain. Th
is is
Your Brain as a Weapon”, Foreign Policy, 14 September, 2015.
http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/09/14/this-is-your-brain-this-is-your-bra-
in-as-a-weapon-darpa-dual-useneuroscience/
52. Manuel Castells, “Th
e impact of the Internet on Society: A Global
Perspective”, MIT Technology Review, 8 September, 2014.
http://www.technologyreview.com/view/530566/the-impact-of-the-inter-
net-on-society-a-globalperspective/
53. Credit Suisse, Global Wealth Report 2015, October 2015.
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54. OECD, “Divided We Stand: Why Inequality Keeps Rising”, 2011
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55. Frederick Solt, “Th
e Standardized World Income Inequality Databa-
se,” Working paper, SWIID, Version 5.0, October, 2014.
http://myweb.uiowa.edu/fsolt/swiid/swiid.html
56. Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett, Th
e Spirit Level: Why Greater
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57. Sean F. Reardon and Kendra Bischoff , “More unequal and more sepa-
rate: Growth in the residential segregation of families by income, 1970-2009”,
US 2010 Project, 2011
http://www.s4.brown.edu/us2010/Projects/Reports.htm
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te-growth-residential-segregationfamilies-income-1970-2009
58. Eleanor Goldberg, “Facebook, Google are Saving Refugees and Mig-
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59. Robert M. Bond, Christopher J. Fariss, Jason J. Jones, Adam D. I.
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e Independent, 2 May, 2014.
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61. Greg Brockman, Ilya Sutskever & the OpenAI team, “Introducing
OpenAI”, 11 December, 2015.
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62. Steven Levy, “How Elon Musk and Y Combinator Plan to Stop Com-
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65. Sherry Turkle, Reclaiming Conversation: Th
e Power of Talk in a Digi-
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66. Nicholas Carr, Th
e Shallows: How the Internet is changing the way we
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67. Pico Iyer, Th
e Art of Stillness: Adventures in Going Nowhere, Simon
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68. Quoted in: Elizabeth Segran, “Th
e Ethical Quandaries You Should
Th
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69. “Kontekstual zəka” termini ilk dəfə Harvard Biznes Məkətbinin deka-
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70. Klaus Schwab, Moderne Unternehmensführung im Maschinenbau
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71. Quoted in: Peter Snow, Th
e Human Psyche in Love, War & Enlighten-
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72. Daniel Goleman, “What Makes A Leader?”, Harvard Business Review,
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73. Rainer Maria Rilke, Letters to a Young Poet, Insel Verlag, 1929.
74. Voltaire Fransızca belə yazmışdı: “Le doute n’est pas une condition
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rick William, Prince of Prussia, 28 November 1770, in S.G. Tallentyre, trans.,
Voltaire in His Letters: Being a Selection from His Correspondence, G.P. Put-
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75. Martin Nowak with Roger Highfield, Super Cooperators: Altruism,
Evolution, and Why We Need Each Other to Succeed, Free Press, 2012
76. World Economic Forum, Deep Shift – Technology Tipping Points
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Soft ware and Society, November 2015.
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77. yelp.comveb saytından borc alaraq, insanlar qiymətləndirmələrini
başqalarına birbaşa təqdim edə biləcək və içlərinə çip yerləşdirilən bu fikirlər
qeyd ediləcək və / və ya onlayn şəkildə paylaşıla biləcək.
78. “Eko otaqları” başqa bir adamla qeyd-şərtsiz eyni fikirdə olan və ya heç
düşünmədən və mühakimə etmədən başqa insanların söylədiklərini eyni şəkildə
təkrar edənlər üçün istifadə olunur.
79. İnternet statistikaları, “Internet users in the world”
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80. “Gartner Says Worldwide Traditional PC, Tablet, Ultramobile and
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85. Satish Meena, “Forrester Research World Mobile And Smartphone
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tes about the Cost of Hard Drive Storage Space (http://ns1758.ca/winch/win-
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90. Moore Qanunu, ümümi şəkildə prosessorun sürətinin və ya mərkəzi
bir prosessordakı ümumi tranzistor sayının hər iki ildən bir iki dəfə artacağını
qeyd edir.
91. Kevin Mayer, Keith Ellis and Ken Taylor, “Cattle Health Monitoring
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92. Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne, “Th
e Future of Employ-
ment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation?” 17 September, 2013.
http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/academic/Th
e_Future_of_
Employment.pdf
93. Will Knight, “Th
is Robot Could Transform Manufacturing,” MIT Te-
chnology Review, 18 September, 2012.
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form-manufacturing/
94. Bax:http://www.stratasys.com/.
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95. Dan Worth, “Business use of 3D printing is years ahead of consumer
uptake”, V3.co.uk, 19 August, 2014.
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e 3D Printing Startup Ecosystem”, SlideShare.net, 31 July, 2014.
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