Education of the republic of uzbekistan samarkand state institute of foreign languages

4. William Shakespeare's impact on the world of literature.

William Shakespeare effected on the whole literature world. His pen brought huge changes to the literary world. Even today, researchers tend to investigate how his works evolved social, political and theatrical settings. He not only wrote plays and poetry but also managed to leave a permanent mark on how we live and speak in contemporary culture. His writings are still subject to interpretation and translation in various languages. His writing style influenced a large number of renowned writers such as Charles Dickens, Maya Angelou, John Keats and Herman Melville. Various writers and poets use his style as a guiding model for writing plays and poetry. Also, genres of tragedy, comedy and tragic-comedy owe a great deal to Shakespeare for popularity and universal recognition. In Shakespeare's creative works mostly the scene of different clowns, crazy people and contrary situations were described with intensive style. As above mentioned the great Tolstoy wrote about an article about William Shakespeare. In this article it can be said that "Shakespeare is not only great writer but also not simple writer". It means Tolstoy paid attention to the basic part of Shakespeare's creative works. In this case we are not going to accuse of ideas related to Shakespeare and because of great Tolstoy we learn some basic facts about Shakespeare's plays. It is impossible to refuse the truth based on real facts. Beauty and simplicity related to Shakespeare works' ethics and aesthetics are always in the main part of every plays.

In fact, according to scholarly research findings, an average person utilizes slightly higher than 1000 words in general communication, slightly lower than 1000 words while expressing himself in writing and can only be able about 5000 different words. However Shakespeare utilized " over 25.000 different words in his writings- that is more than any other English writer has ever used!" [8] There is something miraculous about Shakespeare's peculiar gifts; and every sensitive reader will eventually discover the miracle for himself. Surprisingly William Shakespeare wrote his literally work in times when dictionaries were nonexistent. However, his vocabulary was essentially appalling.

A creative writer is well equipped with vocabulary, deploys stylistic devices such as symbols, humor and shrouds the themes of his work in an attempt to give valid meanings depending on the context of interpretation of the work by the reader. Shakespeare enriched the English language by breathing into it a lot of striking metaphors new phrases and a host of new words which he coined. There is no individual writer who has wielded greater influence than Shakespeare over the English language. He constantly satirized linguistic and stylistic fashions among his contemporaries and experimented with all kinds of innovations, dialectic adaptations and archaisms which enriched the English language. Shakespeare's influence on language is indeed deep rooted. Shakespeare's importance lies in his usage of the English language to individualize the characters in his plays. In this context, Shylock deserves special mention as Shakespeare's most interesting creation for his language was different from that of anybody else's. He had his Old Testament at his finger's end and used biblical words which were found nowhere else like synagogue, Nazarite, publican and so on. Shakespeare's impact extends from theatre and literatures to present-day movies, West philosophy and the English language itself. William Shakespeare is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the history of the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He transformed European theatre by expanding expectations about what could be accomplished through innovation in characterization, plot, language and genre. Shakespeare's writings have also impacted many notable novelists and poets over the years, including Herman Melville, Charles Dickens and continue to influence new authors even today. Shakespeare is the most quoted writer in the history of the English speaking world. Shakespeare wrote on a variety of subjects and touched upon a number of human facts and relations which enabled him to create a vocabulary that is believed to comprise about 21000 words. Owing to his innovations and inclusions, now he is looked upon as one of the greatest individual contributors to the English language. His writing style greatly influenced the entire English language. Prior and during Shakespeare's time, the grammar and rules of English were not standardized. But once Shakespeare's plays become popular in the late 17th century and 18th century, they helped contribute to the standardization of the English language , with many Shakespearean words and phrases becoming embedded in the English language particularly through projects such as Samuel Johnson's A Dictionary of English language which quoted Shakespeare more than any other writer. Shakespeare's blank verse is one of the most important of all his influences on the way the English language was written. He used the blank verse throughout in his writing career experimenting and perfecting it. The free speech rhythm gave Shakespeare more freedom for experimentation "Adaptation of free speech rhythm to the fixed blank verse framework is an outstanding feature of Shakespeare's poetry ". [9] The striking choice of words in common place blank verse influenced the run of the verse itself, expanding into images which eventually seem to bear significant repetition, and to form with the presentation of character and action correspondingly developed, a more subtle and suggestive unity. Expressing emotions and situations in form of a verse gave a natural flow to language with an added sense of flexibility and spontaneity. He introduced in poetry two main factors- "verbal immediacy and the molding of stress to the movement of living emotion. Shakespeare's words reflected the passage of time with "fresh, concrete vividness" giving the reader an idea of the time frame. His remarkable capacity to analyze and express emotions in simple words was noteworthy: "When my love swears that she is made of truth. I do believe her although I know she lies" .