Education of the republic of uzbekistan samarkand state institute of foreign languages

2. William Shakespeare is a great founder of remarkable

dramatic plays.

William Shakespeare is famous for his notable dramatic works. His position in the literature of drama is difficult for explaining. Because his dramatic heritage is full of different kind of tragedies, comedies and scene works. Shakespeare brought something new to the genre of tragedy: the hero of any tragedies perishes by reason of some trait of character that makes him either prefer some positive ideal to life or make him betray an ideal and meet his doom. All the tragic characters of Shakespeare are shown in their development: a hero at the end of tragedy is not the man in the beginning. The development of character is explained by social factors that form their psychology and influence their lives. In some of tragedies Shakespeare treats some important ethical problems.

The comedies by Shakespeare did not establish a lasting literary tradition in the theatre, as did those of Ben Jonson or Moliore in which the author portrayed the everyday life of their time and the characters were exaggerated almost into satirical case. Shakespeare's comedies are based on several principles: the scene is usually in some imaginary country , but in this fairy-tale setting we find the characters that are true to life and they are depicted with deep insight into human psychology for which Shakespeare is distinguished. In each comedy there is the main plot and one and one more subplots. The comic characters always have the English flavor, even if the scene is laid in some distant or imaginary place. All these plays are written in easy-flowing verse and light prose. The texts are full of jokes and funs. The comedies tell of love and harmony, at first distributed and finally restored. The histories, plays or chronicles are more closely related to Shakespeare's tragedies than comedies. They can be regarded as a profound and detailed upon the nature of monarchy. Shakespeare shows all types of autocratic rules in them.

Shakespeare's sonnets can not be considered absolutely autobiographical, we can see variations on themes traditional in Renaissance poetry in them; but they occupy a unique place in Shakespeare heritage, because they are lyrical pieces, the only things he has written about himself. In many of his views Shakespeare was far ahead of his time. He could not give concrete answers to the problems he put forth, but he was a truly great inquirer and his penetration to life gives us an opportunity to try and answer his questions better than he could have done it himself. Shakespeare's knowing drama from inside supported with reputation all over the world. Until 1603 he played roles in the stage, but there hadn't any information about his next life in the theatre. He could not have enough prestige because of acting the second role plays. Shakespeare impacted on contribution of theatre effectively. He wrote 4 epic poems, 37 plays and 154 sonnets in general. He could make an appropriate comic and tragic scene, heroes in every dramatic plays. "Romeo and Juliet"- lyric, "Hamlet"- intellectual, "Julius Ceasar"-political, "Othello"-passionate play. There are great ethical issues in the base of these famous plays. They are forever remarkable works in the literary world. For instance, Shakespeare tragedies were invented by Uzbek spectators in stages. In 1935 "Hamlet" started to be demonstrated to stage in Hamza theatre in Uzbekistan. After then the most famous plays "Othello", "King Lear", "Romeo and Juliet", "Julius Ceasar", "The Two Men of Verona" started to be demonstrated in Uzbek and Russian theatres.

In the last years Uzbek scholarship, translator Jamol Kamol translated Shakespeare's works from English into Uzbek language. "Hamlet" was translated by Uzbek great writer Cholpon. It is still known and undying work of English literature. It was important for Shakespeare that works should be suitable for audiences. In this case these profound works will not die soon and during many years people seek many useful thing for them. That is why William Shakespeare had a strong connection with "Globus" theatre. Because great plays were acted in this place. "Globus" had enough and comfortable sites for 1500 audiences. Playwright and actors tried to represent the best roles and scenes for guests. They always worked hard on their selves. Each play gave the world ideas, views for every audience's heart. Shakespeare's plays answered to every criterion of stage and people desire. Most actors became well-known by his creative works. At present the whole world know those famous actors. After the death of England Queen Elizabeth II he wrote several famous plays. "Anthony and Cleopatra", "The Winter's Tale", "Tempest" are one of the full of unrepeatable works. Except them Shakespeare had famous chronic which encompassed the history of England. In his chronics it was described the war between England and France. At that time Shakespeare stated two main points for king are dangerous. They are mercilessness and weakness. The king in Shakespeare's ideal was described as Henry V appearance. The number of top Shakespeare's works is 5. They are "Romeo and Juliet", "King Lear", "Macbeth", "Othello", "Hamlet". These notable works are really unforgettable for the whole literature world.

On April 23, 1616, English poet and playwright William Shakespeare died in his hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon at the age of fifty-two. His death occurred on or near his birthday which may have been the source of a later legend that he fell ill and died after a night of heavy drinking with two other writers, Ben Jonson and Michael Drayton. Although Shakespeare had achieved some measure of acclaim and financial success during his life, writing for the stage was, at the time of his death, not yet thought of as a serious artistic pursuit, and his modest burial at Holy Trinity Church was more suited to a wealthy local retiree than a celebrity.

However, within a few years of his death, Shakespeare’s friends and admirers began to lay the groundwork for his literary immortality. In 1623 John Heminge and Henry Condell assembled his plays into a single large-format edition. This edition called “The First Folio”, one of the most famous texts in English literature. The first collected edition of Shakespeare’s plays, “The First Folio” was collated and published in 1623, seven years after the playwright’s death. Of the 36 plays in the First Folio, 18 had not yet been printed at all. It is this fact that makes “The First Folio” so important, without it, many of Shakespeare’s plays, including “Twelfth Night”, “Measure for Measure”, “Macbeth”, “Julius Caesar” and “The Tempest” might never have survived. The text was collated by two of Shakespeare’s fellow actors and friends, John Heminge and Henry Condell, who edited it and supervised the printing. They divided the plays into comedies, tragedies and histories, an editorial decision that has come to shape our idea of the Shakespearean canon [14].